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Malaria elicits type 1 cytokines in the human placenta: IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha associated with pregnancy outcomes
Pregnant women, especially primigravidas, are highly susceptible to malaria infection, resulting in maternal anemia and low birth weight infants. Because circulating parasitemia is rare in the newborn, the cause of poor fetal outcomes has been unclear. We measured cytokine concentrations in placenta...
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Published in: | The Journal of immunology (1950) 1998-03, Vol.160 (5), p.2523-2530 |
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creator | Fried, M Muga, R O Misore, A O Duffy, P E |
description | Pregnant women, especially primigravidas, are highly susceptible to malaria infection, resulting in maternal anemia and low birth weight infants. Because circulating parasitemia is rare in the newborn, the cause of poor fetal outcomes has been unclear. We measured cytokine concentrations in placentas collected from women delivering in urban hospitals in malaria-holoendemic or nonendemic areas of Kenya. Normal placentas displayed a bias toward type 2 cytokines; type 1 cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 were absent in placentas not exposed to malaria but present in a large proportion of placentas from a holoendemic area. TNF-alpha and TGF-beta concentrations were significantly higher, and IL-10 concentrations significantly lower, in placentas from the holoendemic area. Among primigravidas, placental TNF-alpha concentrations were significantly higher in the presence of severe maternal anemia, and both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were significantly elevated when a low birth weight, rather than normal weight, infant was delivered. We conclude that maternal malaria decreases IL-10 concentrations and elicits IFN-gamma, IL-2, and TNF-alpha in the placenta, shifting the balance toward type 1 cytokines. This is the first demonstration that these placental cytokine changes are associated with poor pregnancy outcomes in humans. |
doi_str_mv | 10.4049/jimmunol.160.5.2523 |
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Because circulating parasitemia is rare in the newborn, the cause of poor fetal outcomes has been unclear. We measured cytokine concentrations in placentas collected from women delivering in urban hospitals in malaria-holoendemic or nonendemic areas of Kenya. Normal placentas displayed a bias toward type 2 cytokines; type 1 cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 were absent in placentas not exposed to malaria but present in a large proportion of placentas from a holoendemic area. TNF-alpha and TGF-beta concentrations were significantly higher, and IL-10 concentrations significantly lower, in placentas from the holoendemic area. Among primigravidas, placental TNF-alpha concentrations were significantly higher in the presence of severe maternal anemia, and both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were significantly elevated when a low birth weight, rather than normal weight, infant was delivered. We conclude that maternal malaria decreases IL-10 concentrations and elicits IFN-gamma, IL-2, and TNF-alpha in the placenta, shifting the balance toward type 1 cytokines. This is the first demonstration that these placental cytokine changes are associated with poor pregnancy outcomes in humans.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-1767</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1550-6606</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.160.5.2523</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9498798</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>AIDS/HIV ; Cytokines - blood ; Female ; Fetal Blood - immunology ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis ; Interferon-gamma - blood ; Kenya ; Malaria, Falciparum - immunology ; Malaria, Falciparum - metabolism ; Placenta - immunology ; Placenta - metabolism ; Placenta - parasitology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic - immunology ; Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - immunology ; Th1 Cells - metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</subject><ispartof>The Journal of immunology (1950), 1998-03, Vol.160 (5), p.2523-2530</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-d8aaba8eef721ca2826400c90866867c48431ea19b5f714fcd1608fe9ba9b1f63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-d8aaba8eef721ca2826400c90866867c48431ea19b5f714fcd1608fe9ba9b1f63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9498798$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fried, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muga, R O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misore, A O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duffy, P E</creatorcontrib><title>Malaria elicits type 1 cytokines in the human placenta: IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha associated with pregnancy outcomes</title><title>The Journal of immunology (1950)</title><addtitle>J Immunol</addtitle><description>Pregnant women, especially primigravidas, are highly susceptible to malaria infection, resulting in maternal anemia and low birth weight infants. Because circulating parasitemia is rare in the newborn, the cause of poor fetal outcomes has been unclear. We measured cytokine concentrations in placentas collected from women delivering in urban hospitals in malaria-holoendemic or nonendemic areas of Kenya. Normal placentas displayed a bias toward type 2 cytokines; type 1 cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 were absent in placentas not exposed to malaria but present in a large proportion of placentas from a holoendemic area. TNF-alpha and TGF-beta concentrations were significantly higher, and IL-10 concentrations significantly lower, in placentas from the holoendemic area. Among primigravidas, placental TNF-alpha concentrations were significantly higher in the presence of severe maternal anemia, and both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were significantly elevated when a low birth weight, rather than normal weight, infant was delivered. We conclude that maternal malaria decreases IL-10 concentrations and elicits IFN-gamma, IL-2, and TNF-alpha in the placenta, shifting the balance toward type 1 cytokines. This is the first demonstration that these placental cytokine changes are associated with poor pregnancy outcomes in humans.</description><subject>AIDS/HIV</subject><subject>Cytokines - blood</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fetal Blood - immunology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant, Low Birth Weight</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Interferon-gamma - blood</subject><subject>Kenya</subject><subject>Malaria, Falciparum - immunology</subject><subject>Malaria, Falciparum - metabolism</subject><subject>Placenta - immunology</subject><subject>Placenta - metabolism</subject><subject>Placenta - parasitology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic - immunology</subject><subject>Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - immunology</subject><subject>Th1 Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</subject><issn>0022-1767</issn><issn>1550-6606</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkUFP3DAQha2qFV1of0FVyafesowdx7G5IdRtkYBe6DmaOBPWNHZC7Kjaf98gFq49jZ70vneYj7EvArYKlD1_9CEscRy2QsO22spKlu_YRlQVFFqDfs82AFIWotb1R3aa0iMAaJDqhJ1YZU1tzYbNtzjg7JHT4J3PiefDRFxwd8jjHx8pcR953hPfLwEjnwZ0FDNe8OvdXfGAISDH2PH7u12Bw7RfU0qj85ip43993vNppoeI0R34uGQ3Bkqf2Iceh0Sfj_eM_d59v7_6Wdz8-nF9dXlTuLIUuegMYouGqK-lcCiN1ArAWTBaG107ZVQpCIVtq74Wqnfd-gbTk23RtqLX5Rn79rI7zePTQik3wSdHw4CRxiU1tV2HFdj_FoWWtdDCrMXypejmMaWZ-maafcD50AhonpU0r0pWBpqqeVayUl-P80sbqHtjjg7Kf0uYip8</recordid><startdate>19980301</startdate><enddate>19980301</enddate><creator>Fried, M</creator><creator>Muga, R O</creator><creator>Misore, A O</creator><creator>Duffy, P E</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19980301</creationdate><title>Malaria elicits type 1 cytokines in the human placenta: IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha associated with pregnancy outcomes</title><author>Fried, M ; Muga, R O ; Misore, A O ; Duffy, P E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-d8aaba8eef721ca2826400c90866867c48431ea19b5f714fcd1608fe9ba9b1f63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>AIDS/HIV</topic><topic>Cytokines - blood</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fetal Blood - immunology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant, Low Birth Weight</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Interferon-gamma - blood</topic><topic>Kenya</topic><topic>Malaria, Falciparum - immunology</topic><topic>Malaria, Falciparum - metabolism</topic><topic>Placenta - immunology</topic><topic>Placenta - metabolism</topic><topic>Placenta - parasitology</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic - immunology</topic><topic>Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - immunology</topic><topic>Th1 Cells - metabolism</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fried, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muga, R O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misore, A O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duffy, P E</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of immunology (1950)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fried, M</au><au>Muga, R O</au><au>Misore, A O</au><au>Duffy, P E</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Malaria elicits type 1 cytokines in the human placenta: IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha associated with pregnancy outcomes</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of immunology (1950)</jtitle><addtitle>J Immunol</addtitle><date>1998-03-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>160</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>2523</spage><epage>2530</epage><pages>2523-2530</pages><issn>0022-1767</issn><eissn>1550-6606</eissn><abstract>Pregnant women, especially primigravidas, are highly susceptible to malaria infection, resulting in maternal anemia and low birth weight infants. Because circulating parasitemia is rare in the newborn, the cause of poor fetal outcomes has been unclear. We measured cytokine concentrations in placentas collected from women delivering in urban hospitals in malaria-holoendemic or nonendemic areas of Kenya. Normal placentas displayed a bias toward type 2 cytokines; type 1 cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 were absent in placentas not exposed to malaria but present in a large proportion of placentas from a holoendemic area. TNF-alpha and TGF-beta concentrations were significantly higher, and IL-10 concentrations significantly lower, in placentas from the holoendemic area. Among primigravidas, placental TNF-alpha concentrations were significantly higher in the presence of severe maternal anemia, and both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were significantly elevated when a low birth weight, rather than normal weight, infant was delivered. We conclude that maternal malaria decreases IL-10 concentrations and elicits IFN-gamma, IL-2, and TNF-alpha in the placenta, shifting the balance toward type 1 cytokines. This is the first demonstration that these placental cytokine changes are associated with poor pregnancy outcomes in humans.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>9498798</pmid><doi>10.4049/jimmunol.160.5.2523</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | AIDS/HIV Cytokines - blood Female Fetal Blood - immunology Humans Infant, Low Birth Weight Infant, Newborn Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis Interferon-gamma - blood Kenya Malaria, Falciparum - immunology Malaria, Falciparum - metabolism Placenta - immunology Placenta - metabolism Placenta - parasitology Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic - immunology Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - immunology Th1 Cells - metabolism Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism |
title | Malaria elicits type 1 cytokines in the human placenta: IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha associated with pregnancy outcomes |
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