Evidence for deficiencies in intracerebral cytokine production, adhesion molecule induction, and T cell recruitment in herpes simplex virus type-2 infected mice

• Published in: Journal of neuroimmunology 1998, Vol.81 (1), p.58-65
• Main Authors: Lewandowski, Gail, Hobbs, Monte V
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Brain; Brain - metabolism; Cell Adhesion Molecules - biosynthesis; Cell Adhesion Molecules - genetics; Cercopithecus aethiops - genetics; Cytokines - biosynthesis; Cytokines - genetics; Encephalitis, Viral - immunology; Encephalitis, Viral - metabolism; Gene Expression; Herpes Simplex - classification; Herpes Simplex - immunology; Herpes Simplex - metabolism; Immunosuppression; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - biosynthesis; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics; Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis; Interferon-gamma - genetics; Interleukin-1 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-1 - genetics; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neural-immune; Neuropathogenesis; RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis; RNA, Messenger - genetics; Simplexvirus - pathogenicity; T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - biosynthesis; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics; Vero Cells; Virulence
• ISSN: 0165-5728; 1872-8421
• DOI: 10.1016/S0165-5728(97)00159-8

We examined the intracerebral T cell response in mice infected with neurovirulent HSV-2 strains and an avirulent HSV-1. In HSV-2-infected brains, (i) IL-1 β, TNF- α and IFN- γ mRNA expression was low, (ii) ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were not induced, (iii) few CD4 + or CD8 + cells were detected. By contrast, in HSV-1-infected brains, (i) cytokine mRNA expression was high, (ii) adhesion molecules were strongly expressed, (iii) many T cells were detected. We suggest that deficient T cell extravasation into HSV-2-infected brain regions is caused by negligible ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression, which is due to low expression of critical cytokines.