Effect of erythrocyte transbilayer phospholipid distribution on fusion with vesicular stomatitis virus

To identify the specific component(s) in the target membrane involved in fusion of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), we examined the interaction of the virus with human erythrocyte membranes with asymmetric and symmetric bilayer distributions of phospholipids. Fusion was monitored spectrofluorometri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biochemistry (Easton) 1990-05, Vol.29 (17), p.4054-4058
Main Authors: Herrmann, Andreas, Clague, Michael J, Puri, Anu, Morris, Stephen J, Blumenthal, Robert, Grimaldi, Settimio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal cells
Biological and medical sciences
Cell cultures. Hybridization. Fusion
cell membranes
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
Erythrocyte Membrane - physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Membrane Fusion
Molecular and cellular biology
Phospholipids - metabolism
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus - physiology
vesicular stomatitis virus
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Summary:To identify the specific component(s) in the target membrane involved in fusion of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), we examined the interaction of the virus with human erythrocyte membranes with asymmetric and symmetric bilayer distributions of phospholipids. Fusion was monitored spectrofluorometrically by the octadecylrhodamine dequenching assay. Fusion of VSV with lipid-symmetric erythrocyte ghosts was rapid at 37 degrees C and low pH, whereas little or no fusion was observed with lipid-asymmetric ghosts. Conversion of phosphatidylserine in the lipid-symmetric ghost membrane to phosphatidylethanolamine by means of the enzyme phosphatidylserine decarboxylase did not alter the target membrane's susceptibility to VSV fusion. Spin-labeled phospholipid analogues with phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine headgroups incorporated into the outer leaflet of lipid-asymmetric erythrocytes did not render those membranes fusogenic. Electron spin resonance spectra showed an increased mobility of a phosphatidylcholine spin-label incorporated into the outer leaflet of lipid-symmetric erythrocyte ghosts as compared to that of lipid-asymmetric ghosts. These results indicate that the susceptibility to VSV fusion is not dependent on any particular phospholipid but rather is related to packing characteristics of the target membrane.
ISSN:0006-2960
1520-4995
DOI:10.1021/bi00469a005