IL-5-Dependent Immunity to Microfilariae Is Independent of IL-4 in a Mouse Model of Onchocerciasis

Th2 lymphocyte responses under the control of IL-4 and IL-5 are frequently associated with protective responses to parasitic helminths. Studies on the role of these cytokines in acquired resistance to parasitic nematodes indicate that, in the case of gastrointestinal nematodes, immunity is mediated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of immunology (1950) 1998-06, Vol.160 (11), p.5436-5440
Main Authors: Hogarth, Philip J, Taylor, Mark J, Bianco, Albert E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AIDS/HIV
Animals
Cattle
Cytokines - biosynthesis
Disease Models, Animal
Immunity, Innate - genetics
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - biosynthesis
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - blood
Interleukin-4 - deficiency
Interleukin-4 - physiology
Interleukin-5 - physiology
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Knockout
Microfilariae - immunology
Onchocerca - growth & development
Onchocerca - immunology
Onchocerciasis - immunology
Onchocerciasis - parasitology
Th1 Cells - immunology
Th1 Cells - metabolism
Up-Regulation - immunology
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Summary:Th2 lymphocyte responses under the control of IL-4 and IL-5 are frequently associated with protective responses to parasitic helminths. Studies on the role of these cytokines in acquired resistance to parasitic nematodes indicate that, in the case of gastrointestinal nematodes, immunity is mediated by IL-4, while immunity to tissue-dwelling nematodes is dependent on IL-5. Here we investigate the role of IL-5 and eosinophils in protective immunity to Onchocerca microfilariae in IL-4-deficient mice. In the absence of IL-4, and despite the up-regulation of Th1-type responses, immunity remains dependent on IL-5 and eosinophils. Protection was unaffected by the absence of Ab in B cell-deficient mice, confirming that IL-5 is not acting via either B cell differentiation, Ag presentation, or isotype switching mechanisms. These data demonstrate the dissociation of IL-4 and IL-5 in a functional model of protective immunity to a tissue dwelling nematode and cast doubt on the role of IL-4 in the generation of CD4+ T cell-mediated, IL-5-dependent immunity to Onchocerca microfilariae. Importantly, they also segregate T cell-mediated mechanisms of protective immunity from those characterized in ocular pathologic responses in onchocerciasis, which are dependent on IL-4.
ISSN:0022-1767
1550-6606
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.160.11.5436