Constant vs variable resistance knee extension training

• Published in: Medicine and science in sports and exercise 1990-06, Vol.22 (3), p.397-401
• Main Authors: Manning, R J, Graves, J E, Carpenter, D M, Leggett, S H, Pollock, M L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Biomechanical Phenomena; Exercise - physiology; Female; Humans; Knee Joint - physiology; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscles - physiology; Physical Endurance - physiology; Space life sciences
• ISSN: 0195-9131
• DOI: 10.1249/00005768-199006000-00018

To compare the effect of constant resistance (CR) and variable resistance (VR) training on full range-of-motion (ROM) strength development, 22 men and 27 women (age = 26 +/- 5 yr) were randomly assigned to either a CR training group (N = 17), a VR training group (N = 17), or a control group (N = 15) that did not train. The CR and VR groups trained 2 to 3 d.wk-1 for 10 wk. Subjects completed one set of full ROM (120 to 0 degrees of flexion) bilateral knee extensions with an amount of weight that allowed 8 to 12 repetitions during each training session. For the VR group, resistance was varied with a cam supplied by the manufacturer (Nautilus). For the CR group, the cam was removed and replaced with a round sprocket. Prior to and after training, maximal voluntary isometric torque was measured at 9, 20, 35, 50, 65, 80, 95, and 110 degrees of knee flexion. Analysis of covariance indicated that the VR and CR groups gained strength at all angles (P less than or equal to 0.05) when compared to the control. [table: see text] There was no difference (P greater than 0.05) between the CR and VR groups at any angle, and the magnitude of strength gained was similar (P greater than 0.05) among angles for both groups. These data indicate that both CR and VR knee extension training elicit full ROM strength development.