The pathogenesis of viral-induced diabetes

Serologic case-control studies have suggested an association between coxsasckie group B viruses and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). New investigations have identified enteroviral nucleic acid in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of newly-diagnosed patients with IDDM. The disease pat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical and diagnostic virology 1998-04, Vol.9 (2), p.85-88
Main Authors: See, Darryl M, Tilles, Jeremiah G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autoimmunity
Coxsackievirus Infections - immunology
Coxsackievirus Infections - physiopathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - immunology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - virology
Enterovirus B, Human - immunology
Epitopes
Glutamate Decarboxylase - immunology
Humans
IDDM
Islets of Langerhans
Viral induced diabetes
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Summary:Serologic case-control studies have suggested an association between coxsasckie group B viruses and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). New investigations have identified enteroviral nucleic acid in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of newly-diagnosed patients with IDDM. The disease pathogenesis is dependent on several factors including the genetics of the host, strain of virus, activation status of autoreactive T-cells, upregulation of pancreatic MHC-1 antigens, molecular mimicry between viral and beta cell epitopes and direct islet cell destruction by viral cytolysis. Epitopes (IDDM-E1 and E2) on glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) are the most common targets for antibody and cellular-mediated autoimmune beta cell destruction.
ISSN:0928-0197
1873-4901
DOI:10.1016/S0928-0197(98)00014-2