Effects of sub-antimicrobial dose doxycycline therapy on crevicular fluid MMP-8, and gingival tissue MMP-9, TIMP-1 and IL-6 levels in chronic periodontitis

• Published in: Journal of periodontal research 2004-02, Vol.39 (1), p.20-26
• Main Authors: Choi, Dong-Hoon, Moon, Ik-Sang, Choi, Bong-Kyu, Paik, Jeong-Won, Kim, Yoon-Sik, Choi, Seong-Ho, Kim, Chong-Kwan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Chronic Disease; Dental Scaling; Dentistry; Doxycycline - administration & dosage; Doxycycline - therapeutic use; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - drug effects; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - enzymology; Humans; interleukin-6; Interleukin-6 - analysis; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 - drug effects; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - drug effects; matrix metalloproteinase-8; matrix metalloproteinase-9; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Periodontitis - drug therapy; Periodontitis - enzymology; Placebos; Protease Inhibitors - analysis; Root Planing; sub-antimicrobial dose doxycycline; tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - drug effects
• ISSN: 0022-3484; 1600-0765
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2004.00696.x

Objective:  To investigate whether sub‐antimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) therapy for 120 d in chronic adult periodontitis patients had significant effects on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8) levels, and on gingival tissue MMP‐9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases‐1 (TIMP‐1) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) levels. Background:  Tetracycline can significantly inhibit MMP activity in GCF and in gingival tissue, even in much lower dosage then a traditional antimicrobial dosage used in conventional therapy. Sub‐antimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) therapy has been shown to reduce periodontal disease activity to control MMP and pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Methods:  A total of 32 patients with incipient to moderate (probing pocket depth ≈ 4–7 mm) chronic adult periodontitis were included in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. After scaling and root planning (SRP), the SRP + SDD group received SDD, 20 mg bid, whereas the SRP + placebo group received placebo, 20 mg bid. In the follow‐up, efficacy measures included the change in probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and gingival crevicular fluid MMP‐8 levels, gingival tissue MMP‐9, TIMP‐1 and IL‐6 levels from baseline to 120 d. Results:  After 120 d, PD and CAL improved significantly in the SRP + SDD group. Initial MMP‐8 levels for the SRP + SDD group and the SRP + placebo group were 407.13 ± 114.45 ng/ml and 378.71 ± 189.39 ng/ml, respectively, with no statistical difference between the two groups. MMP‐8 levels for the SRP + SDD group and the SRP + placebo group were: 235.35 ± 134.58 ng/ml and 364.04 ± 219.27 ng/ml at 30 d; 157.50 ± 95.95 ng/ml and 236.60 ± 186.16 ng/ml at 60 d; 102.70 ± 67.64 ng/ml and 208.56 ± 124.54 ng/ml at 90 d; and 63.77 ± 53.33 ng/ml and 229.13 ± 168.09 ng/ml at 120 d, respectively. The amount of decrease in MMP‐8 levels for the SRP + SDD group was statistically significant compared to that for the SRP + placebo group, especially apparent at 120 d (p