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Evaluation of an in vitro blood-based assay to detect production of interferon-γ by Mycobacterium bovis-infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in captive Cervidae was identified as an important disease in the United States in 1990 and prompted the addition of captive Cervidae to the USDA Uniform Methods and Rules for eradication of bovine tuberculosis. As well, M. bovis infection was identified in fr...

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Published in:Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2004, Vol.16 (1), p.17-21
Main Authors: Palmer, Mitchell V, Waters, W. Ray, Whipple, Diana L, Slaughter, Ralph E, Jones, Stephen L
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description Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in captive Cervidae was identified as an important disease in the United States in 1990 and prompted the addition of captive Cervidae to the USDA Uniform Methods and Rules for eradication of bovine tuberculosis. As well, M. bovis infection was identified in free-ranging white-tailed deer in northeast Michigan in 1995. Tuberculosis in both captive and free-ranging Cervidae represents a serious challenge to the eradication of M. bovis infection from the United States. Currently, the only approved antemortem tests for tuberculosis in Cervidae are the intradermal tuberculin skin test and the blood tuberculosis test (BTB). At present, the BTB is not available in North America. Tuberculin skin testing of Cervidae is time-consuming and involves repeated animal handling and risk of injury to animals and humans. This study evaluated the potential of a new blood-based assay for tuberculosis in Cervidae that would decrease animal handling, stress, and losses due to injury. In addition, a blood-based assay could provide a more rapid diagnosis. Twenty 6-9-month-old white-tailed deer, male and female, were experimentally inoculated by instillation of 300 colony-forming units of M. bovis in the tonsillar crypts. Seven, age-matched uninfected deer served as controls. Blood was collected on days 90, 126, 158, 180, 210, 238, 263, and 307 after inoculation and was analyzed for the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to incubation with M. bovis purified protein derivative (PPDb), M. avium PPDa, pokeweed mitogen (PWM), or media alone. Production of IFN-gamma in response to PPDb was significantly greater (P < 0.05) at all time points in samples from M. bovis-infected deer as compared with uninfected control deer, whereas IFN-gamma production to PWM did not differ significantly between infected and control deer. Measurement of IFN-gamma production to PPDb may serve as a useful assay for the antemortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in Cervidae.
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Ray</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whipple, Diana L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slaughter, Ralph E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Stephen L</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of an in vitro blood-based assay to detect production of interferon-γ by Mycobacterium bovis-infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)</title><title>Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation</title><addtitle>J Vet Diagn Invest</addtitle><description>Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in captive Cervidae was identified as an important disease in the United States in 1990 and prompted the addition of captive Cervidae to the USDA Uniform Methods and Rules for eradication of bovine tuberculosis. As well, M. bovis infection was identified in free-ranging white-tailed deer in northeast Michigan in 1995. Tuberculosis in both captive and free-ranging Cervidae represents a serious challenge to the eradication of M. bovis infection from the United States. 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Blood was collected on days 90, 126, 158, 180, 210, 238, 263, and 307 after inoculation and was analyzed for the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to incubation with M. bovis purified protein derivative (PPDb), M. avium PPDa, pokeweed mitogen (PWM), or media alone. Production of IFN-gamma in response to PPDb was significantly greater (P &lt; 0.05) at all time points in samples from M. bovis-infected deer as compared with uninfected control deer, whereas IFN-gamma production to PWM did not differ significantly between infected and control deer. 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identifier ISSN: 1943-4936
ispartof Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation, 2004, Vol.16 (1), p.17-21
issn 1943-4936
1040-6387
1943-4936
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_80178008
source SAGE
subjects Animals
blood chemistry
blood tuberculosis test
Concanavalin A - pharmacology
Deer - blood
Deer - immunology
Deer - microbiology
disease diagnosis
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary
Female
immune response
Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis
Interferon-gamma - blood
interferons
Male
Mycobacterium bovis
Odocoileus virginianus
Phytohemagglutinins - pharmacology
Pokeweed Mitogens - pharmacology
Tuberculin - pharmacology
tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - blood
Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Tuberculosis - immunology
Tuberculosis - veterinary
wildlife diseases
title Evaluation of an in vitro blood-based assay to detect production of interferon-γ by Mycobacterium bovis-infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
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