Gastroenteritis in Suckling Mice Caused by Human Rotavirus Can Be Prevented with Egg Yolk Immunoglobulin (IgY) and Treated with a Protein-Bound Polysaccharide Preparation (PSK)

Oral inoculation of human rotavirus MO strain (serotype 3) into 5-day-old BALB/c mice cause gastroenteritis characterized by diarrhea. Clinical symptoms, histopathological changes in the small intestine, and the detection of rotavirus antigen in enterocytes were all characteristic of rotavirus-induc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:MICROBIOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY 1990, Vol.34(7), pp.617-629
Main Authors: Ebina, Takusaburo, Tsukada, Keiko, Umezu, Kouji, Nose, Makoto, Tsuda, Ken, Hatta, Hajime, Kim, Mujo, Yamamoto, Takehiko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Antiviral agents
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
Egg Yolk
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Gastroenteritis - drug therapy
Gastroenteritis - immunology
Human rotavirus
Humans
Immunoglobulins - immunology
Intestine, Small - microbiology
Intestine, Small - pathology
Medical sciences
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Polysaccharides - therapeutic use
Rotavirus
Rotavirus - drug effects
Rotavirus - genetics
Rotavirus - immunology
Rotavirus - ultrastructure
Virus Replication
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Summary:Oral inoculation of human rotavirus MO strain (serotype 3) into 5-day-old BALB/c mice cause gastroenteritis characterized by diarrhea. Clinical symptoms, histopathological changes in the small intestine, and the detection of rotavirus antigen in enterocytes were all characteristic of rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis. Using this small animal model, passive protection of suckling mice against human rotavirus infection was achieved with the use of immunoglobulin (IgY) from the yolks of eggs of rotavirus-immunized hens. When IgY against a rotavirus strain homotypic to the challenge virus (MO strain) was administered in the mice, complete protection against rotavirus infection was achieved. On the other hand, with oral administration of IgY against a heterotypic strain (serotype 1, Wa strain), a lower protective effect was nevertheless obtained. The four different strains of human rotavirus (Wa, KUN, MO, and ST3) were inactivated in vitro by treatment with PSK, a protein-bound polysaccharide preparation, in a dose-dependent manner. Oral administration of 2.5mg of PSK caused a therapeutic effect on experimentally MO-infected suckling mice. The antiviral effect of PSK was indicated by the reduction of the duration of diarrhea.
ISSN:0385-5600
1348-0421
DOI:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1990.tb01037.x