Epidemiology of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Bacteremia during the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemic

To assess the impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on nontyphoidal Salmonella septicemia and to identify risk factors for this infection, national laboratory-based Salmonella surveillance data and AIDS case reports were analyzed. Among 25- to 49-year-old men in states with a high inci...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1991-07, Vol.164 (1), p.81-87
Main Authors: Levine, William C., Buehler, James W., Bean, Nancy H., Tauxe, Robert V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
AIDS
AIDS/HIV
Bacteremia
Biological and medical sciences
Blood
Disease Outbreaks
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Female
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - epidemiology
Humans
Immunodeficiencies
Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies
Immunopathology
Incidence
Infections
Major Articles
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Recurrence
Risk Factors
Salmonella
Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella enteritidis - isolation & purification
Salmonella infections
Salmonella Infections - complications
Salmonella Infections - epidemiology
Salmonella typhimurium - isolation & purification
Sepsis - complications
Sepsis - epidemiology
Sex Factors
Surveillance
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:To assess the impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on nontyphoidal Salmonella septicemia and to identify risk factors for this infection, national laboratory-based Salmonella surveillance data and AIDS case reports were analyzed. Among 25- to 49-year-old men in states with a high incidence of AIDS, the proportion of Salmonella isolates reported from blood increased from 2.8% in 1978–1982 to 14.2% in 1983–1987, with substantial increases for serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium. Of adolescents and adults reported with AIDS from September 1987 through March 1990, 337 (0.48%) had recurrent Salmonella septicemia, with higher proportions among those who resided in the Northeast (0.86%), had a history of intravenous drug use (0.79%), or were black (0.74%) or Hispanic (0.57%). These data suggest that the risk of Salmonella septicemia in persons with AIDS is affected by geographic prevalence of Salmonella species, host characteristics, and invasiveness of infecting strains
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/164.1.81