Effect of Prior Immunity on the Shedding of Virulent Revertant Virus in Feces after Oral Immunization with Live Attenuated Poliovirus Vaccines

Groups of infants were immunized with one or two doses of orally inoculated live attenuated Sabin poliovirus vaccine (OPV group) or with one or two doses of enhanced-potency inactivated poliovirus vaccine (EIPV) administered parenterally followed by one or two doses of OPV (EIPV-OPV group). The feca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1991-07, Vol.164 (1), p.191-194
Main Authors: Ogra, Pearay L., Faden, Howard S., Abraham, Rebecca, Duffy, Linda C., Sun, Martha, Minor, Philip D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antibodies, Viral - biosynthesis
Antibody formation
Biological and medical sciences
Concise Communications
Feces
Feces - microbiology
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunization
Infant
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Nasopharynx - immunology
Neutralization Tests
Neutralizing antibodies
Oral poliovirus vaccine
Poliovirus
Poliovirus - classification
Poliovirus - genetics
Poliovirus - isolation & purification
Poliovirus - pathogenicity
Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - standards
Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - standards
Poliovirus vaccines
RNA, Viral - analysis
Vaccination
Vaccines, Inactivated - standards
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the nervous system
Viruses
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Description
Summary:Groups of infants were immunized with one or two doses of orally inoculated live attenuated Sabin poliovirus vaccine (OPV group) or with one or two doses of enhanced-potency inactivated poliovirus vaccine (EIPV) administered parenterally followed by one or two doses of OPV (EIPV-OPV group). The fecal specimens from both groups were tested for poliovirus shedding 1–2 months after OPV. The virus isolates were examined for nucleic acid sequences in the 5′ noncoding regions (bases 480, 481, and 472 for serotypes 1,2, and 3, respectively) to determine whether the viruses shed represented nonattenuated revertants, attenuated parent vaccine strains (nonrevertants), or both. In the OPV group, 4 of the 6 virus isolates recovered 30–60 days after the first immunization dose and 1 of the 3 isolates obtained after the second dose were found to be nonrevertants (parent vaccine strain). In contrast, 11 of the 12 isolates in the EIPV-OPV group were of the nonvaccine revertant virus types. The frequency for reversion appeared to differ for different poliovirus serotypes. However, all revertant type 3 isolates were recovered from subjects previously immunized with EIPV
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/164.1.191