Social Roles, Sex Roles and Psychological Distress: Additive and Interactive Models of Sex Differences

Determinants of sex differences in psychological distress are explored through estimating additive and interactive regression models. The absence of employment or marriage is associated with depression for both men and women. Also, for this measure of distress, an additive model of social-role effec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of health and social behavior 1983-12, Vol.24 (4), p.300-312
Main Authors: Gore, Susan, Mangione, Thomas W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Affective Symptoms - psychology
Attitude towards mental illness
Biological and medical sciences
Depressive disorders
Distress
Employment
Female
Gender Identity
Gender roles
Housewives
Humans
Male
Marriage
Medical sciences
Men
Mental health
Middle Aged
Models, Psychological
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology/Psychological/ Psychologically/ Psychologism
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Sex differences (see also Gender differences)
Sex Factors
Sex linked differences
Sex role/Sex roles
Social interaction models
Social psychiatry. Ethnopsychiatry
Social role/Social roles
Womens health
Working women
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Summary:Determinants of sex differences in psychological distress are explored through estimating additive and interactive regression models. The absence of employment or marriage is associated with depression for both men and women. Also, for this measure of distress, an additive model of social-role effects accounts for the observed sex difference, suggesting a structural interpretation of the gender/depression relationship. For the measure of psychophysiologic complaints, the pattern of influences differs. Here, gender and being a parent jointly influence level of symptomatology. Further analysis reveals this effect to be due primarily to sex differences among parents having young children. The pattern of findings for this variable is understood to support formulations pertaining to the stress of family roles for women.
ISSN:0022-1465
2150-6000
DOI:10.2307/2136397