Loxoscelism: From basic research to the proposal of new therapies

Loxoscelism is caused by envenomation by spiders from Loxosceles genus. Clinical symptoms only appear a few hours after envenomation and can evolve in local reactions, such as dermonecrosis, and systemic reactions, such as intravascular haemolysis, intravascular coagulation and renal failure. Curren...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicon (Oxford) 2010-12, Vol.56 (7), p.1113-1119
Main Authors: Tambourgi, Denise V., Gonçalves-de-Andrade, Rute M., van den Berg, Carmen W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms
Animals
Antivenins - chemistry
Antivenins - therapeutic use
Araneae
Biological and medical sciences
Coagulation
Complement system
Dermonecrosis
Failure
Haemolysis
Humans
Loxosceles
Loxosceles spiders
Medical
Medical sciences
Metalloproteinases
Models, Animal
Proposals
Rabbits
Sphingomyelinase D (SMase D)
Spider Bites - drug therapy
Spider Bites - etiology
Spider Bites - pathology
Spider Venoms - toxicity
Spiders
Spiders - anatomy & histology
Spiders - chemistry
Tetracyclines
Therapy
Toxicology
Venom
Wound Healing - drug effects
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Summary:Loxoscelism is caused by envenomation by spiders from Loxosceles genus. Clinical symptoms only appear a few hours after envenomation and can evolve in local reactions, such as dermonecrosis, and systemic reactions, such as intravascular haemolysis, intravascular coagulation and renal failure. Current therapies are not effective, often not based in scientific research and can be even detrimental. A lack of understanding of the mechanism of action of the venom of the Loxosceles spider had thus far prevented development of effective therapies. In this review we aim to give an overview of our contributions to the understanding of the mechanism of action of the Loxosceles venom and propose targets and therapeutics for medical intervention.
ISSN:0041-0101
1879-3150
DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.01.021