Pharmacokinetics of sildenafil and its metabolite, N-desmethylsildenafil, in rats with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus, alone and in combination

• Published in: Xenobiotica 2011-02, Vol.41 (2), p.164-174
• Main Authors: Ahn, C.Y., Bae, S.K., Bae, S.H., Kang, H.E., Kim, S.H., Lee, M.G., Shin, W.G.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Animals; Blood Proteins - metabolism; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; hepatic and intestinal CYP2C11 and 3A subfamily; Humans; Immunoblotting; Injections, Intravenous; Intestines - enzymology; Liver Cirrhosis - complications; Liver Cirrhosis - metabolism; Male; Microsomes, Liver - metabolism; pharmacokinetics; Piperazines - administration & dosage; Piperazines - blood; Piperazines - chemistry; Piperazines - pharmacokinetics; Protein Binding; Purines - administration & dosage; Purines - blood; Purines - chemistry; Purines - pharmacokinetics; Rats; rats with liver cirrhosis and/or diabetes mellitus; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sildenafil and N-desmethylsildenafil; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones - administration & dosage; Sulfones - blood; Sulfones - chemistry; Sulfones - pharmacokinetics; Vasodilator Agents - administration & dosage; Vasodilator Agents - blood; Vasodilator Agents - chemistry; Vasodilator Agents - pharmacokinetics
• ISSN: 0049-8254; 1366-5928
• DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2010.532885

Pharmacokinetics of sildenafil and its metabolite, N-desmethylsildenafil, in humans and rats with liver cirrhosis (LC) and diabetes mellitus (DM), alone and in combination (LCD) did not seem to be reported. Sildenafil was administered intravenously (10 mg/kg) and orally (20 mg/kg) to control, LC, DM, and LCD rats. Expression of intestinal CYP isozymes in those rats was also measured. In LC, DM, and LCD rats, the areas under the curve (AUCs) of intravenous sildenafil were significantly greater (by 195%, 54.2%, and 127%, respectively) than controls. In LC and LCD rats, AUCs of oral sildenafil were significantly greater (3010% and 2030%, respectively) than controls. In LC, DM, and LCD rats, significantly greater AUCs of intravenous sildenafil were due to the slower hepatic extraction of sildenafil (because of decrease in the protein expression of hepatic CYP2C11 and 3A subfamily in LC and LCD rats, and CYP2C11 in DM rats). In LC and LCD rats, greater magnitude of increase in AUCs of oral sildenafil than those after the intravenous administration could be mainly due to the decrease in the intestinal extraction of sildenafil (because of decrease in the protein expression of intestinal CYP2C11 in LC and LCD rats).