Effects of Chlorpheniramine and Pyrilamine on the Atrial Actions of Acetylcholine, Tyramine, and Ephedrine

The experiments described herein were performed on isolated, spontaneously beating rabbit atria. The muscarinic actions of acetylcholine in the presence of physostigmine were antagonized by pyrilamine, chlorpheniramine and procaine which demonstrates that these drugs have an “antimuscarinic” action....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 1969-11, Vol.58 (11), p.1313-1318
Main Authors: Osterberg, Robert E., Koppanyi, Theodore
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcholine - antagonists & inhibitors
Animals
Antimuscarinic activity-chlorpheniramine
Antimuscarinic activity—chlorpheniramine, pyrilamine, procaine
Antinicotinic activity-chlorpheniramine
Antinicotinic activity—chlorpheniramine, pyrilamine, cocaine
Atrial depression-acetylcholine
Atrial depression–acetylcholine, physostigmine produced
Atropine - pharmacology
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine - pharmacology
Chlorpheniramine, pyrilamine, procaine effect—induced atrial depression
cocaine
Cocaine - pharmacology
cocaine effect
Ephedrine - antagonists & inhibitors
ephedrine atrial stimulation-chlorpheniramine
Heart - drug effects
Heart Atria - drug effects
Heart Rate - drug effects
In Vitro Techniques
Male
Muscle Contraction - drug effects
Physostigmine - pharmacology
physostigmine produced
procaine
Procaine - pharmacology
procaine effect-induced atrial depression
pyrilamine
Pyrroles - pharmacology
Rabbits
Receptors, Drug - drug effects
Time Factors
Tyramine
Tyramine - antagonists & inhibitors
Tyramine, ephedrine atrial stimulation—chlorpheniramine, pyrilamine, cocaine effect
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Summary:The experiments described herein were performed on isolated, spontaneously beating rabbit atria. The muscarinic actions of acetylcholine in the presence of physostigmine were antagonized by pyrilamine, chlorpheniramine and procaine which demonstrates that these drugs have an “antimuscarinic” action. The nicotinic (positive inotropic and chronotropic) actions of acetylcholine in the presence of atropine were also antagonized by pyrilamine and chlorpheniramine. Cocaine, pyrilamine, and chlorpheniramine inhibited the atrial stimulation by tyramine and ephedrine. The fact that the antimuscarinic and antinicotinic effects of pyrilamine and chlorpheniramine show similar slopes may indicate that similar receptors are involved. Cocaine and pyrilamine also have parallel slopes indicating that pyrilamine has a cocaine-like effect which is not related to local anesthesia.
ISSN:0022-3549
1520-6017
DOI:10.1002/jps.2600581104