Toxocara infection and diminished lung function in a nationally representative sample from the United States population

• Published in: International journal for parasitology 2011-02, Vol.41 (2), p.243-247
• Main Author: Walsh, Michael G.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Antibodies, Helminth - blood; Asthma; Asthma - epidemiology; Asthma - pathology; Biological and medical sciences; Dogs; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Helminth infection; Humans; Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis; Lung - parasitology; Lung - pathology; Lung function; Male; Middle Aged; Parasites; Protozoa; Respiratory Function Tests; Toxocara; Toxocara - immunology; Toxocariasis - complications; Toxocariasis - epidemiology; United States - epidemiology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0020-7519; 1879-0135
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2010.09.006

[Display omitted] ► Toxocara infection is robustly associated with diminished lung function. ► This association persisted after controlling for many sociodemographic confounders. ► The immunological relationship between helminth infection and hypersensitivity response is complex. The relevance of parasitic infection for the increasing incidence of asthma is a topic of considerable debate. Large population-based studies examining the association between helminth infection and specific measures of lung function in humans are lacking. This report sought to examine this association by exploring the differences in forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) among participants with and without infection with Toxocara spp. using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, undertaken by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, during 1988–1994. The results showed a significant association between diminished lung function and previous infection with Toxocara spp. Those with antibody evidence of Toxocara infection displayed FEV1 that was 105.3mL less than those without previous infection. This relationship persisted while controlling for age, sex, education level, BMI, smoking status, ethnicity, immigration, rural residence and dog ownership (fully-adjusted difference=73mL). These findings suggest diminished lung function in the presence of Toxocara infection and illustrate the urgent need for longitudinal data to more clearly define the immunological relationship with helminth infection and its potential influence on lung function.