Mitochondrial response to controlled nutrition in health and disease

Mitochondria exert crucial physiological functions that create complex links among nutrition, health, and disease. While mitochondrial dysfunction with subsequent impairment of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the hallmark of the rare inherited OXPHOS diseases, OXPHOS dysfunction also plays a c...

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Published in:Nutrition reviews 2011-02, Vol.69 (2), p.65-75
Main Authors: Schiff, Manuel, Bénit, Paule, Coulibaly, Assetou, Loublier, Sandrine, El‐Khoury, Riyad, Rustin, Pierre
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aging
Aging - physiology
Caloric Restriction
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diet, Ketogenic
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Humans
ketogenic diet
Knowledge
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondria - physiology
mitochondrial diseases
Mitochondrial Diseases - diet therapy
Mitochondrial Diseases - metabolism
Mitochondrial Diseases - physiopathology
Neurodegenerative Diseases - diet therapy
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Nutrition
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation
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Summary:Mitochondria exert crucial physiological functions that create complex links among nutrition, health, and disease. While mitochondrial dysfunction with subsequent impairment of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the hallmark of the rare inherited OXPHOS diseases, OXPHOS dysfunction also plays a central role in the pathophysiology of common conditions such as type 2 diabetes and various neurodegenerative disorders. Dietary interventions, especially calorie restriction, have been shown to improve the course of these diseases and to extend the lifespan. Few data are available on the impact of nutraceuticals (macronutrients, vitamins, and cofactors) on primary inherited OXPHOS diseases. This review presents recent knowledge about the impact of nutritional modulation on mitochondria and lifespan regulation and about the development of potential treatments for mitochondrial dysfunction diseases.
ISSN:0029-6643
1753-4887
DOI:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00363.x