Double short-time exposure to pirarubicin produces higher cytotoxicity against T24 bladder cancer cells

• Published in: Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy 2011, Vol.17 (1), p.11-16
• Main Authors: Maruyama, Takuo, Higuchi, Yoshihide, Suzuki, Toru, Qiu, Jun, Yamamoto, Shingo, Shima, Hiroki
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage; Apoptosis - drug effects; Bladder cancer; Cell Cycle - drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival - drug effects; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doxorubicin - administration & dosage; Doxorubicin - analogs & derivatives; Drug Administration Schedule; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Humans; Infectious Diseases; Intravesical chemotherapy; Laser Scanning Cytometry; Medical Microbiology; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Neoplasm Staging; Original Article; Pirarubicin; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - drug therapy; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - pathology; Virology
• ISSN: 1341-321X; 1437-7780
• DOI: 10.1007/s10156-010-0088-y

Abstract This study was designed to determine the ideal manner (schedule and duration) of intravesical chemotherapy using pirarubicin (THP). At first, T-24 cancer cells were treated with 50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/ml THP for 10, 30 and 60 min. Following the first exposure, at various intervals (3, 6, 12, and 24 h), a second exposure to THP was performed under the same condition in vitro. The cell viability was measured by XTT assay. Further, the cells were scanned with a laser scanning cytometer (LSC) and DNA histograms were analyzed to evaluate the cell-cycle components. A single exposure of T-24 cells to THP resulted in significantly higher inhibition of cell growth for 30 min with 100 μg/ml and higher concentrations of THP; for example, the cell viability was reduced to 15, 2, and 0% by incubating cells with 100, 150, and 200 μg/ml of THP, respectively, whereas it was 49% with 50 μg/ml THP. Double exposure of T-24 cells to THP resulted in significantly higher inhibition of cell growth than single treatment at all intervals. LSC assay demonstrated a higher sub-G1 peak after double treatment with THP when compared with that after a single treatment. Similar cytotoxic effects following double treatment with THP were observed on other bladder cancer cell lines (UMUC3, TCCSUP, 5637, and 253J cells) in vitro. In conclusion, the double short-term exposure to bladder cancer cells by THP has more remarkable cytotoxic effects than the single exposure in vitro.