miRNAs got rhythm

Despite significant advances in treatments, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of human morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The development of novel and efficient treatment strategies requires an understanding of the basic molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac funct...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life sciences (1973) 2011-02, Vol.88 (9), p.373-383
Main Authors: Elton, Terry S., Martin, Mickey M., Sansom, Sarah E., Belevych, Andriy E., Györke, Sandor, Terentyev, Dmitry
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Animals
Arrhythmia
Arrhythmias, Cardiac - metabolism
Arteriosclerosis
atherosclerosis
cardiac output
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Fibrosis
Gene expression
Heart
Heart diseases
heart failure
Humans
Hypertrophy
Ischemia
mechanism of action
messenger RNA
microRNA
MicroRNAs - physiology
miRNA
miRNA therapeutics
miRNAs
Molecular modelling
Morbidity
Mortality
Myocardium - metabolism
Nucleotides
Reviews
Rhythms
RNA Interference - physiology
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
RNA-Induced Silencing Complex - physiology
Seeds
Translation
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Summary:Despite significant advances in treatments, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of human morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The development of novel and efficient treatment strategies requires an understanding of the basic molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small nonprotein-coding RNAs that have emerged as important regulators in cardiac and vascular developmental and pathological processes, including cardiac arrhythmia, fibrosis, hypertrophy and ischemia, heart failure and vascular atherosclerosis. The miRNA acts as an adaptor for the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC) to specifically recognize and regulate particular mRNAs. Mature miRNAs recognize their target mRNAs by base-pairing interactions between nucleotides 2 and 8 of the miRNA (the seed region) and complementary nucleotides in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNAs and miRISCs subsequently inhibit gene expression by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or cleavage. In this review we summarize the basic mechanisms of action of miRNAs as they are related to cardiac arrhythmia and address the potential for miRNAs to be therapeutically manipulated in the treatment of arrhythmias.
ISSN:0024-3205
1879-0631
DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2010.11.022