Diversity and cold-active hydrolytic enzymes of culturable bacteria associated with Arctic sea ice, Spitzbergen

• Published in: Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions 2004-12, Vol.8 (6), p.475-488
• Main Authors: GROUDIEVA, Tatiana, KAMBOUROVA, Margarita, YUSEF, Hoda, ROYTER, Maryna, GROTE, Ralf, TRINKS, Hauke, ANTRANIKIAN, Garabed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales - classification; Actinomycetales - enzymology; Actinomycetales - genetics; Actinomycetales - isolation & purification; Aerobic conditions; Alphaproteobacteria - classification; Alphaproteobacteria - enzymology; Alphaproteobacteria - genetics; Alphaproteobacteria - isolation & purification; Arctic Regions; Bacteria; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - enzymology; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bacteriology; Bacteroidetes - classification; Bacteroidetes - enzymology; Bacteroidetes - genetics; Bacteroidetes - isolation & purification; Biodegradation; Biological and medical sciences; Chemical analysis; Cold; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics; Enzymatic activity; Enzymes; Freezing; Freezing point; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gammaproteobacteria - classification; Gammaproteobacteria - enzymology; Gammaproteobacteria - genetics; Gammaproteobacteria - isolation & purification; Genes, Bacterial; Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods - classification; Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods - enzymology; Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods - genetics; Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods - isolation & purification; High temperature; Hydrolysis; Ice; Lipids; Marine; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; Norway; Olea; Olive oil; Phylogeny; Proteobacteria; Saccharides; Sea ice; Seawater; Seawater - microbiology; Space life sciences; Water analysis
• ISSN: 1431-0651; 1433-4909
• DOI: 10.1007/s00792-004-0409-0

The diversity of culturable bacteria associated with sea ice from four permanently cold fjords of Spitzbergen, Arctic Ocean, was investigated. A total of 116 psychrophilic and psychrotolerant strains were isolated under aerobic conditions at 4 degrees C. The isolates were grouped using amplified rDNA restriction analysis fingerprinting and identified by partial sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. The bacterial isolates fell in five phylogenetic groups: subclasses alpha and gamma of Proteobacteria, the Bacillus-Clostridium group, the order Actinomycetales, and the Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides (CFB) phylum. Over 70% of the isolates were affiliated with the Proteobacteria gamma subclass. Based on phylogenetic analysis (