Either Called “Chemobrain” or “Chemofog,” the Long-Term Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Decline in Cancer Survivors Is Real

• Published in: Journal of pain and symptom management 2011, Vol.41 (1), p.126-139
• Main Authors: Argyriou, Andreas A., MD, PhD, Assimakopoulos, Konstantinos, MD, PhD, Iconomou, Gregoris, PhD, Giannakopoulou, Fotini, MD, Kalofonos, Haralabos P., MD, PhD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anesthesia & Perioperative Care; Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Cognition Disorders - epidemiology; Cognition Disorders - etiology; Cognitive impairment; diagnosis; Drug Therapy - statistics & numerical data; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - epidemiology; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - etiology; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Incidence; Interventions; Medical literature; Medical sciences; Neoplasms - complications; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Neoplasms - epidemiology; Pain Medicine; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Quality of life; Risk Factors; Survivors; toxicities; treatment; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0885-3924; 1873-6513
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.04.021

Abstract Context In recent years, there is growing evidence in the medical literature to support an association between administration of commonly used chemotherapeutic agents and an increased risk for cognitive impairment. Objectives We herein critically summarize data relating to the pathophysiological mechanisms by which chemotherapy may induce cognitive impairment in patients surviving from solid tumors. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics and the proposed management strategies to counter chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) also are presented. Methods References for this review were identified by searches of PubMed from 1995 until December 2009 with related terms. Results Both the pathogenetic mechanisms and the overall clinical nature of CICI remain vaguely defined. Findings indicate that CICI is a relatively common event that, in most of the cases, remains underdiagnosed, thereby adversely affecting the quality of life of patients with cancer. Effective pharmacological interventions toward the symptomatic or prophylactic management of CICI also are lacking. Conclusion Either called “chemobrain” or “chemofog,” the long-term CICI in cancer survivors is real. The need for multidisciplinary care interventions toward a timely diagnosis and management of CICI is clearly warranted.