Loading…
An intra-individual quantitative assessment of acute laser injury patterns in facial versus abdominal skin
Introduction Clinical laser settings have traditionally been calibrated on abdominal skin to predict and anticipate patterns of injuries in facial skin. This experimental approach has limitations as facial skin and abdominal skin have differences that may influence the depth of laser injury. Objecti...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Lasers in surgery and medicine 2011-02, Vol.43 (2), p.99-107 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3955-a4b7223fca6ac8e3dfa7aa2244e08f68bf62c152580aec07461a6ee279b256c53 |
|---|---|
| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3955-a4b7223fca6ac8e3dfa7aa2244e08f68bf62c152580aec07461a6ee279b256c53 |
| container_end_page | 107 |
| container_issue | 2 |
| container_start_page | 99 |
| container_title | Lasers in surgery and medicine |
| container_volume | 43 |
| creator | Bailey, Steven H. Brown, Spencer A. Kim, Yeonsoon Oni, Georgette Abtahi, Fatemeh Richardson, James A. Hoopman, John Barton, Fritz Kenkel, Jeffrey M. |
| description | Introduction
Clinical laser settings have traditionally been calibrated on abdominal skin to predict and anticipate patterns of injuries in facial skin. This experimental approach has limitations as facial skin and abdominal skin have differences that may influence the depth of laser injury.
Objective
The primary objective of this study is to analyze the acute pattern of laser injury in abdominal skin and facial skin samples from the same subject and detail the anatomical and biophysical properties that can influence the laser tissue interaction. The secondary objective is to develop a conversion factor that will allow the prediction laser column depths in facial skin based upon laser column depths in abdominal skin.
Methods
Fifteen healthy subjects were consented and screened. Two 2 mm spots on the face and abdomen were identified and measured and treated with a fractional CO2 laser (Lumenis Ltd, Yokneum, Israel), with an energy setting of 15 mj, 300 Hz at a density of 10. Treatment areas were biopsied and analyzed histologically using hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining.
Results
Facial skin and abdominal skin have several significant anatomical and biophysical differences (concentration of pilosebaceous units, sebum concentration, and moisture content). Facial tissue demonstrated divergence of laser energy around pilosebaceous units and lateral spread of laser energy along blood vessels. These differences cause attenuation (28%) of the laser energy and result in column depths that are significantly (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/lsm.21015 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_856174177</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>856174177</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3955-a4b7223fca6ac8e3dfa7aa2244e08f68bf62c152580aec07461a6ee279b256c53</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhi0EokvhwB9AvgGHtLYT28mxWkFB2pZDQXCzJs5E8jYfW4-zsP8ew7a9wcme0fM-h3kZey3FmRRCnQ80nikppH7CVlI0pmjy8JSthMz_WjTqhL0g2gohSiXsc3aiZFlXZSNWbHsx8TClCEWYurAP3QIDv1tgSiFBCnvkQIREI06Jzz0HvyTkAxDGnNsu8cB3kBLGifLMe_AhC_YYaSEObTePYcoLug3TS_ash4Hw1f17yr59_PB1_anYfLn8vL7YFL5stC6gaq1SZe_BgK-x7HqwAEpVFYq6N3XbG-WlVroWgF7YykgwiMo2rdLG6_KUvT16d3G-W5CSGwN5HAaYcF7I1dpIW0lrM_nuv2S-om2MUJXM6Psj6uNMFLF3uxhGiIcMuT8luFyC-1tCZt_ca5d2xO6RfLh6Bs6PwM8w4OHfJre5uXpQFsdEoIS_HhMQb52xpdXu-_WlU9c3Ym2vGvej_A1FF6FE</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1017960241</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>An intra-individual quantitative assessment of acute laser injury patterns in facial versus abdominal skin</title><source>Wiley</source><creator>Bailey, Steven H. ; Brown, Spencer A. ; Kim, Yeonsoon ; Oni, Georgette ; Abtahi, Fatemeh ; Richardson, James A. ; Hoopman, John ; Barton, Fritz ; Kenkel, Jeffrey M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Bailey, Steven H. ; Brown, Spencer A. ; Kim, Yeonsoon ; Oni, Georgette ; Abtahi, Fatemeh ; Richardson, James A. ; Hoopman, John ; Barton, Fritz ; Kenkel, Jeffrey M.</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction
Clinical laser settings have traditionally been calibrated on abdominal skin to predict and anticipate patterns of injuries in facial skin. This experimental approach has limitations as facial skin and abdominal skin have differences that may influence the depth of laser injury.
Objective
The primary objective of this study is to analyze the acute pattern of laser injury in abdominal skin and facial skin samples from the same subject and detail the anatomical and biophysical properties that can influence the laser tissue interaction. The secondary objective is to develop a conversion factor that will allow the prediction laser column depths in facial skin based upon laser column depths in abdominal skin.
Methods
Fifteen healthy subjects were consented and screened. Two 2 mm spots on the face and abdomen were identified and measured and treated with a fractional CO2 laser (Lumenis Ltd, Yokneum, Israel), with an energy setting of 15 mj, 300 Hz at a density of 10. Treatment areas were biopsied and analyzed histologically using hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining.
Results
Facial skin and abdominal skin have several significant anatomical and biophysical differences (concentration of pilosebaceous units, sebum concentration, and moisture content). Facial tissue demonstrated divergence of laser energy around pilosebaceous units and lateral spread of laser energy along blood vessels. These differences cause attenuation (28%) of the laser energy and result in column depths that are significantly (P < 0.003) shorter in facial tissues (mean depth 415 µm) in comparison to abdominal tissues (mean depth 582 µm).
Conclusion
The variations in anatomic, biophysical, and biomechanical properties in facial skin cause an attenuation of the laser column depths in facial skin when compared to abdominal skin. A correction factor of 28% is required to predict the depth of laser columns in facial skin based on laser column depths observed in abdominal skin. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:99–107, 2011 © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0196-8092</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1096-9101</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-9101</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/lsm.21015</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21384390</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Abdomen - anatomy & histology ; Abdomen - pathology ; Abdomen - surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Blood vessels ; Carbon dioxide ; comparison of human facial and abdominal skin ; conversion factor for facial skin ; correction factor for facial skin ; Cosmetic Techniques ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; Energy ; Face - anatomy & histology ; Face - pathology ; Face - surgery ; factors influencing laser injury ; Female ; fractional facial resurfacing ; Humans ; in vivo abdominoplasty model ; in vivo pannus model ; Injuries ; laser resurfacing ; Laser Therapy - methods ; Lasers ; Lasers, Gas - therapeutic use ; Male ; Mechanical properties ; Middle Aged ; regional differences in human skin ; Rejuvenation ; Skin ; Skin - anatomy & histology ; Skin - pathology ; Skin Physiological Phenomena ; validation of the in vivo pannus/abdominoplasty laser treatment model</subject><ispartof>Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2011-02, Vol.43 (2), p.99-107</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3955-a4b7223fca6ac8e3dfa7aa2244e08f68bf62c152580aec07461a6ee279b256c53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3955-a4b7223fca6ac8e3dfa7aa2244e08f68bf62c152580aec07461a6ee279b256c53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21384390$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bailey, Steven H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Spencer A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yeonsoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oni, Georgette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abtahi, Fatemeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richardson, James A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoopman, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barton, Fritz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kenkel, Jeffrey M.</creatorcontrib><title>An intra-individual quantitative assessment of acute laser injury patterns in facial versus abdominal skin</title><title>Lasers in surgery and medicine</title><addtitle>Lasers Surg. Med</addtitle><description>Introduction
Clinical laser settings have traditionally been calibrated on abdominal skin to predict and anticipate patterns of injuries in facial skin. This experimental approach has limitations as facial skin and abdominal skin have differences that may influence the depth of laser injury.
Objective
The primary objective of this study is to analyze the acute pattern of laser injury in abdominal skin and facial skin samples from the same subject and detail the anatomical and biophysical properties that can influence the laser tissue interaction. The secondary objective is to develop a conversion factor that will allow the prediction laser column depths in facial skin based upon laser column depths in abdominal skin.
Methods
Fifteen healthy subjects were consented and screened. Two 2 mm spots on the face and abdomen were identified and measured and treated with a fractional CO2 laser (Lumenis Ltd, Yokneum, Israel), with an energy setting of 15 mj, 300 Hz at a density of 10. Treatment areas were biopsied and analyzed histologically using hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining.
Results
Facial skin and abdominal skin have several significant anatomical and biophysical differences (concentration of pilosebaceous units, sebum concentration, and moisture content). Facial tissue demonstrated divergence of laser energy around pilosebaceous units and lateral spread of laser energy along blood vessels. These differences cause attenuation (28%) of the laser energy and result in column depths that are significantly (P < 0.003) shorter in facial tissues (mean depth 415 µm) in comparison to abdominal tissues (mean depth 582 µm).
Conclusion
The variations in anatomic, biophysical, and biomechanical properties in facial skin cause an attenuation of the laser column depths in facial skin when compared to abdominal skin. A correction factor of 28% is required to predict the depth of laser columns in facial skin based on laser column depths observed in abdominal skin. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:99–107, 2011 © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><subject>Abdomen</subject><subject>Abdomen - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Abdomen - pathology</subject><subject>Abdomen - surgery</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biopsy</subject><subject>Blood vessels</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>comparison of human facial and abdominal skin</subject><subject>conversion factor for facial skin</subject><subject>correction factor for facial skin</subject><subject>Cosmetic Techniques</subject><subject>Dermatologic Surgical Procedures</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Face - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Face - pathology</subject><subject>Face - surgery</subject><subject>factors influencing laser injury</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>fractional facial resurfacing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>in vivo abdominoplasty model</subject><subject>in vivo pannus model</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>laser resurfacing</subject><subject>Laser Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Lasers, Gas - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>regional differences in human skin</subject><subject>Rejuvenation</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Skin - pathology</subject><subject>Skin Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>validation of the in vivo pannus/abdominoplasty laser treatment model</subject><issn>0196-8092</issn><issn>1096-9101</issn><issn>1096-9101</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhi0EokvhwB9AvgGHtLYT28mxWkFB2pZDQXCzJs5E8jYfW4-zsP8ew7a9wcme0fM-h3kZey3FmRRCnQ80nikppH7CVlI0pmjy8JSthMz_WjTqhL0g2gohSiXsc3aiZFlXZSNWbHsx8TClCEWYurAP3QIDv1tgSiFBCnvkQIREI06Jzz0HvyTkAxDGnNsu8cB3kBLGifLMe_AhC_YYaSEObTePYcoLug3TS_ash4Hw1f17yr59_PB1_anYfLn8vL7YFL5stC6gaq1SZe_BgK-x7HqwAEpVFYq6N3XbG-WlVroWgF7YykgwiMo2rdLG6_KUvT16d3G-W5CSGwN5HAaYcF7I1dpIW0lrM_nuv2S-om2MUJXM6Psj6uNMFLF3uxhGiIcMuT8luFyC-1tCZt_ca5d2xO6RfLh6Bs6PwM8w4OHfJre5uXpQFsdEoIS_HhMQb52xpdXu-_WlU9c3Ym2vGvej_A1FF6FE</recordid><startdate>201102</startdate><enddate>201102</enddate><creator>Bailey, Steven H.</creator><creator>Brown, Spencer A.</creator><creator>Kim, Yeonsoon</creator><creator>Oni, Georgette</creator><creator>Abtahi, Fatemeh</creator><creator>Richardson, James A.</creator><creator>Hoopman, John</creator><creator>Barton, Fritz</creator><creator>Kenkel, Jeffrey M.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201102</creationdate><title>An intra-individual quantitative assessment of acute laser injury patterns in facial versus abdominal skin</title><author>Bailey, Steven H. ; Brown, Spencer A. ; Kim, Yeonsoon ; Oni, Georgette ; Abtahi, Fatemeh ; Richardson, James A. ; Hoopman, John ; Barton, Fritz ; Kenkel, Jeffrey M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3955-a4b7223fca6ac8e3dfa7aa2244e08f68bf62c152580aec07461a6ee279b256c53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Abdomen</topic><topic>Abdomen - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Abdomen - pathology</topic><topic>Abdomen - surgery</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biopsy</topic><topic>Blood vessels</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>comparison of human facial and abdominal skin</topic><topic>conversion factor for facial skin</topic><topic>correction factor for facial skin</topic><topic>Cosmetic Techniques</topic><topic>Dermatologic Surgical Procedures</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Face - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Face - pathology</topic><topic>Face - surgery</topic><topic>factors influencing laser injury</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>fractional facial resurfacing</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>in vivo abdominoplasty model</topic><topic>in vivo pannus model</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>laser resurfacing</topic><topic>Laser Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Lasers, Gas - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>regional differences in human skin</topic><topic>Rejuvenation</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Skin - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Skin - pathology</topic><topic>Skin Physiological Phenomena</topic><topic>validation of the in vivo pannus/abdominoplasty laser treatment model</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bailey, Steven H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Spencer A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yeonsoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oni, Georgette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abtahi, Fatemeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richardson, James A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoopman, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barton, Fritz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kenkel, Jeffrey M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Lasers in surgery and medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bailey, Steven H.</au><au>Brown, Spencer A.</au><au>Kim, Yeonsoon</au><au>Oni, Georgette</au><au>Abtahi, Fatemeh</au><au>Richardson, James A.</au><au>Hoopman, John</au><au>Barton, Fritz</au><au>Kenkel, Jeffrey M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An intra-individual quantitative assessment of acute laser injury patterns in facial versus abdominal skin</atitle><jtitle>Lasers in surgery and medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Lasers Surg. Med</addtitle><date>2011-02</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>99</spage><epage>107</epage><pages>99-107</pages><issn>0196-8092</issn><issn>1096-9101</issn><eissn>1096-9101</eissn><abstract>Introduction
Clinical laser settings have traditionally been calibrated on abdominal skin to predict and anticipate patterns of injuries in facial skin. This experimental approach has limitations as facial skin and abdominal skin have differences that may influence the depth of laser injury.
Objective
The primary objective of this study is to analyze the acute pattern of laser injury in abdominal skin and facial skin samples from the same subject and detail the anatomical and biophysical properties that can influence the laser tissue interaction. The secondary objective is to develop a conversion factor that will allow the prediction laser column depths in facial skin based upon laser column depths in abdominal skin.
Methods
Fifteen healthy subjects were consented and screened. Two 2 mm spots on the face and abdomen were identified and measured and treated with a fractional CO2 laser (Lumenis Ltd, Yokneum, Israel), with an energy setting of 15 mj, 300 Hz at a density of 10. Treatment areas were biopsied and analyzed histologically using hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining.
Results
Facial skin and abdominal skin have several significant anatomical and biophysical differences (concentration of pilosebaceous units, sebum concentration, and moisture content). Facial tissue demonstrated divergence of laser energy around pilosebaceous units and lateral spread of laser energy along blood vessels. These differences cause attenuation (28%) of the laser energy and result in column depths that are significantly (P < 0.003) shorter in facial tissues (mean depth 415 µm) in comparison to abdominal tissues (mean depth 582 µm).
Conclusion
The variations in anatomic, biophysical, and biomechanical properties in facial skin cause an attenuation of the laser column depths in facial skin when compared to abdominal skin. A correction factor of 28% is required to predict the depth of laser columns in facial skin based on laser column depths observed in abdominal skin. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:99–107, 2011 © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><pmid>21384390</pmid><doi>10.1002/lsm.21015</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0196-8092 |
| ispartof | Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2011-02, Vol.43 (2), p.99-107 |
| issn | 0196-8092 1096-9101 1096-9101 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_856174177 |
| source | Wiley |
| subjects | Abdomen Abdomen - anatomy & histology Abdomen - pathology Abdomen - surgery Adult Aged Biopsy Blood vessels Carbon dioxide comparison of human facial and abdominal skin conversion factor for facial skin correction factor for facial skin Cosmetic Techniques Dermatologic Surgical Procedures Energy Face - anatomy & histology Face - pathology Face - surgery factors influencing laser injury Female fractional facial resurfacing Humans in vivo abdominoplasty model in vivo pannus model Injuries laser resurfacing Laser Therapy - methods Lasers Lasers, Gas - therapeutic use Male Mechanical properties Middle Aged regional differences in human skin Rejuvenation Skin Skin - anatomy & histology Skin - pathology Skin Physiological Phenomena validation of the in vivo pannus/abdominoplasty laser treatment model |
| title | An intra-individual quantitative assessment of acute laser injury patterns in facial versus abdominal skin |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-01T20%3A54%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An%20intra-individual%20quantitative%20assessment%20of%20acute%20laser%20injury%20patterns%20in%20facial%20versus%20abdominal%20skin&rft.jtitle=Lasers%20in%20surgery%20and%20medicine&rft.au=Bailey,%20Steven%20H.&rft.date=2011-02&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99&rft.epage=107&rft.pages=99-107&rft.issn=0196-8092&rft.eissn=1096-9101&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/lsm.21015&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E856174177%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3955-a4b7223fca6ac8e3dfa7aa2244e08f68bf62c152580aec07461a6ee279b256c53%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1017960241&rft_id=info:pmid/21384390&rfr_iscdi=true |