Associations between sports participation, cardiorespiratory fitness, and adiposity in young adult twins

Exercise behavior, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity are strongly influenced by genetic factors. By studying young adult twins, we examined to what extent these interrelated traits have shared genetic and environmental etiologies. We studied 304 twin individuals selected from the population-bas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2011-03, Vol.110 (3), p.681-686
Main Authors: MUSTELIN, L, LATVALA, A, PIETILÄINEN, K. H, PIIRILÄ, P, SOVIJÄRVI, A. R, KUJALA, U. M, RISSANEN, A, KAPRIO, J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiposity - genetics
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Body Size - genetics
Exercise
Female
Finland - epidemiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetic Association Studies
Genetics
Heart
Humans
Motor Activity - genetics
Obesity
Oxygen
Physical Fitness - physiology
Questionnaires
Sports
Statistics as Topic
Studies
Twins
Twins - genetics
Twins - physiology
Young Adult
Young adults
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Summary:Exercise behavior, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity are strongly influenced by genetic factors. By studying young adult twins, we examined to what extent these interrelated traits have shared genetic and environmental etiologies. We studied 304 twin individuals selected from the population-based FinnTwin16 study. Physical activity was assessed with the Baecke questionnaire, yielding three indexes: sport index, leisure-time index, and work index. In this study, we focused on sport index, which describes sports participation. Body composition was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and cardiorespiratory fitness using a bicycle ergometer exercise test with gas exchange analysis. The Baecke sport index was associated with high maximal oxygen uptake adjusted for lean body mass (Vo(2max)[adj]) (r = 0.40), with low body fat percentage (BF%) (r = -0.44) and low waist circumference (WC) (r = -0.29). Heritability estimates for the key traits were as follows: 56% for sport index, 71% for Vo(2max)[adj], 77% for body mass index, 66% for WC, and 68% for BF%. The association between sport index and Vo(2max) was mostly explained by genetic factors (70%), as were both the association between sport index and BF% (71%) and that between sport index and WC (59%). Our results suggest that genetic factors explain a considerable part of the associations between sports participation, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity.
ISSN:8750-7587
1522-1601
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00753.2010