Contextual Variability and Serial Position Effects in Free Recall

In immediate free recall, words recalled successively tend to come from nearby serial positions. M. J. Kahana (1996) documented this effect and showed that this tendency, which the authors refer to as the lag recency effect, is well described by a variant of the search of associative memory (SAM) mo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition memory, and cognition, 1999-07, Vol.25 (4), p.923-941
Main Authors: Howard, Marc W, Kahana, Michael J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Contextual Associations
Cues
Free Recall
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Humans
Learning. Memory
Long Term Memory
Memory
Mental Recall
Models, Psychological
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Semantics
Serial Position Effect
Short Term Memory
Time Factors
Vocabulary
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:In immediate free recall, words recalled successively tend to come from nearby serial positions. M. J. Kahana (1996) documented this effect and showed that this tendency, which the authors refer to as the lag recency effect, is well described by a variant of the search of associative memory (SAM) model ( J. G. W. Raaijmakers & R. M. Shiffrin, 1980 , 1981 ). In 2 experiments, participants performed immediate, delayed, and continuous distractor free recall under conditions designed to minimize rehearsal. The lag recency effect, previously observed in immediate free recall, was also observed in delayed and continuous distractor free recall. Although two-store memory models, such as SAM, readily account for the end-of-list recency effect in immediate free recall, and its attenuation in delayed free recall, these models fail to account for the long-term recency effect. By means of analytic simulations, the authors show that both the end of list recency effect and the lag recency effect, across all distractor conditions, can be explained by a single-store model in which context, retrieved with each recalled item, serves as a cue for subsequent recalls.
ISSN:0278-7393
1939-1285
DOI:10.1037/0278-7393.25.4.923