Ghrelin family of peptides and gut motility

Acyl ghrelin, des‐acyl ghrelin, and obestatin are three peptides isolated from the gastrointestinal tract and encoded by the same preproghrelin gene. Three ghrelin gene products participate in modulating appetite, adipogenesis, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, immune, sleep, memory, anxiety,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2011-04, Vol.26 (s3), p.73-74
Main Authors: Asakawa, Akihiro, Ataka, Koji, Fujino, Kazunori, Chen, Chih-Yen, Kato, Ikuo, Fujimiya, Mineko, Inui, Akio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Brain - metabolism
Consciousness
corticotropin-releasing factor
Duodenum - innervation
Duodenum - metabolism
Eating
Fasting
gastroduodenal motility
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
Gastrointestinal Motility
ghrelin
Ghrelin - administration & dosage
Ghrelin - metabolism
Injections, Intravenous
Injections, Intraventricular
Manometry
Medical sciences
obestatin
rat
Rats
Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone - metabolism
Stomach - innervation
Stomach - metabolism
Time Factors
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Summary:Acyl ghrelin, des‐acyl ghrelin, and obestatin are three peptides isolated from the gastrointestinal tract and encoded by the same preproghrelin gene. Three ghrelin gene products participate in modulating appetite, adipogenesis, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, immune, sleep, memory, anxiety, cognition, and stress. We have investigated the effects of ghrelin family of peptides on fed and fasted motor activities in the stomach and duodenum of freely moving conscious rats by manometric method. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intravenous (IV) administration of acyl ghrelin induced fasted motor activity in the duodenum in fed rats. ICV and IV administration of des‐acyl ghrelin disrupted fasted motor activity in the antrum. Changes in gastric motility induced by IV administration of des‐acyl ghrelin were antagonized by ICV administration of a corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) 2 receptor antagonist. IV administration of obestatin decreased the percentage motor index in the antrum and prolonged the time taken to return to fasted motility in the duodenum in fed rats. ICV administration of CRF 1 and 2 receptor antagonists prevented the effects of obestatin on gastroduodenal motility. Ghrelin gene products regulate feeding‐associated gastroduodenal motility. Stomach may regulate various functions including gastrointestinal motility via acyl ghrelin, des‐acyl ghrelin and obestatin as an endocrine organ. Increasing knowledge of the effects of ghrelin family of peptides on gastrointestinal motility could lead to innovative new therapies for functional gastrointestinal disorders.
ISSN:0815-9319
1440-1746
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06638.x