Analytic Reviews: Propofol Infusion Syndrome in the ICU

Propofol is an alkylphenol derivative named 2, 6, diisopropylphenol and is a potent intravenous short-acting hypnotic agent. It is commonly used as sedation, as well as an anesthetic agent in both pediatric and adult patient populations. There have been numerous case reports describing a constellati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 2011-03, Vol.26 (2), p.59-72
Main Authors: Diedrich, Daniel A., Brown, Daniel R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Critical Care
Female
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives - administration & dosage
Hypnotics and Sedatives - adverse effects
Infusions, Intravenous
Male
Middle Aged
Multiple Organ Failure - chemically induced
Multiple Organ Failure - diagnosis
Multiple Organ Failure - therapy
Propofol - administration & dosage
Propofol - adverse effects
Seizures - drug therapy
Syndrome
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Summary:Propofol is an alkylphenol derivative named 2, 6, diisopropylphenol and is a potent intravenous short-acting hypnotic agent. It is commonly used as sedation, as well as an anesthetic agent in both pediatric and adult patient populations. There have been numerous case reports describing a constellation of findings including metabolic derangements and organ system failures known collectively as propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS). Although there is a high mortality associated with PRIS, the precise mechanism of action has yet to be determined. The best preventive measure for this syndrome is awareness and avoidance of clinical scenarios associated with development of PRIS. There is no established treatment for PRIS; care is primarily supportive in nature and may include the full array of advanced cardiopulmonary support, including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This article reviews the reported cases of PRIS and describes the current understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and treatment options.
ISSN:0885-0666
1525-1489
DOI:10.1177/0885066610384195