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Fischer–Tropsch synthesis over model iron catalysts supported on carbon spheres: The effect of iron precursor, support pretreatment, catalyst preparation method and promoters

[Display omitted] ▶ Carbon spheres (CSs, d = 900 ± 50 nm) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition. ▶ Fe/CS catalysts were prepared by impregnation and deposition precipitation (DP). ▶ Fe/CS prepared by DP has higher Fe dispersion than that prepared by impregnation. ▶ The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis...

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Published in:Applied catalysis. A, General General, 2010-11, Vol.388 (1), p.168-178
Main Authors: Xiong, Haifeng, Moyo, Mahluli, Motchelaho, Myriam A.M., Jewell, Linda L., Coville, Neil J.
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-d09a0823e7f7fa6fd9cc8e20872ab7a3b0d42019fd0d65037b3e3321860579013
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container_title Applied catalysis. A, General
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description [Display omitted] ▶ Carbon spheres (CSs, d = 900 ± 50 nm) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition. ▶ Fe/CS catalysts were prepared by impregnation and deposition precipitation (DP). ▶ Fe/CS prepared by DP has higher Fe dispersion than that prepared by impregnation. ▶ The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis performances for Fe/CSs catalysts have been investigated. Carbon spheres ( d = 900 ± 50 nm) were prepared by a chemical vapor deposition method. Iron catalysts supported on the functionalized carbon spheres (CSs) were prepared by impregnation and deposition precipitation methods using different iron precursors (iron nitrate and iron acetate). The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) performances for these supported model catalysts have been investigated as a function of preparation method, iron precursor, different methods of functionalization and the addition of promoters (Mn, K, Cu). Our results reveal that: (i) the functionalized CSs, that were treated in nitric acid at a higher reaction temperature showed a higher degree of functionalization. (ii) The iron catalysts synthesized from the CSs functionalized at the 90 °C temperatures showed higher catalytic activity. (iii) The iron catalyst prepared from iron acetate showed a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared from iron nitrate. (iv) An iron catalyst supported on carbon spheres functionalized using nitric acid or KMnO 4 showed comparable catalytic activity and higher long chain hydrocarbon selectivity. (v) The iron catalyst prepared by deposition precipitation gave a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared by impregnation. In all cases the results can be associated with the Fe dispersion. For the iron catalyst supported on carbon spheres promoted with K (0.05–1%), the K was found to inhibit the reduction of the iron catalysts. The addition of K decreased the catalytic activity but increased the olefin selectivity, leading to a higher long chain hydrocarbon selectivity. Promotion with copper improved the reduction of the iron catalyst and suppressed the gasification of the carbon sphere support. The addition of Cu decreased the CH 4 selectivity and had no significant effect on the catalytic activity. All data point for Fe/CS catalysts showed conventional behavior but with a reduced metal-support interaction compared to oxide supports.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.apcata.2010.08.039
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Carbon spheres ( d = 900 ± 50 nm) were prepared by a chemical vapor deposition method. Iron catalysts supported on the functionalized carbon spheres (CSs) were prepared by impregnation and deposition precipitation methods using different iron precursors (iron nitrate and iron acetate). The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) performances for these supported model catalysts have been investigated as a function of preparation method, iron precursor, different methods of functionalization and the addition of promoters (Mn, K, Cu). Our results reveal that: (i) the functionalized CSs, that were treated in nitric acid at a higher reaction temperature showed a higher degree of functionalization. (ii) The iron catalysts synthesized from the CSs functionalized at the 90 °C temperatures showed higher catalytic activity. (iii) The iron catalyst prepared from iron acetate showed a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared from iron nitrate. (iv) An iron catalyst supported on carbon spheres functionalized using nitric acid or KMnO 4 showed comparable catalytic activity and higher long chain hydrocarbon selectivity. (v) The iron catalyst prepared by deposition precipitation gave a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared by impregnation. In all cases the results can be associated with the Fe dispersion. For the iron catalyst supported on carbon spheres promoted with K (0.05–1%), the K was found to inhibit the reduction of the iron catalysts. The addition of K decreased the catalytic activity but increased the olefin selectivity, leading to a higher long chain hydrocarbon selectivity. Promotion with copper improved the reduction of the iron catalyst and suppressed the gasification of the carbon sphere support. The addition of Cu decreased the CH 4 selectivity and had no significant effect on the catalytic activity. 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A, General</title><description>[Display omitted] ▶ Carbon spheres (CSs, d = 900 ± 50 nm) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition. ▶ Fe/CS catalysts were prepared by impregnation and deposition precipitation (DP). ▶ Fe/CS prepared by DP has higher Fe dispersion than that prepared by impregnation. ▶ The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis performances for Fe/CSs catalysts have been investigated. Carbon spheres ( d = 900 ± 50 nm) were prepared by a chemical vapor deposition method. Iron catalysts supported on the functionalized carbon spheres (CSs) were prepared by impregnation and deposition precipitation methods using different iron precursors (iron nitrate and iron acetate). The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) performances for these supported model catalysts have been investigated as a function of preparation method, iron precursor, different methods of functionalization and the addition of promoters (Mn, K, Cu). Our results reveal that: (i) the functionalized CSs, that were treated in nitric acid at a higher reaction temperature showed a higher degree of functionalization. (ii) The iron catalysts synthesized from the CSs functionalized at the 90 °C temperatures showed higher catalytic activity. (iii) The iron catalyst prepared from iron acetate showed a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared from iron nitrate. (iv) An iron catalyst supported on carbon spheres functionalized using nitric acid or KMnO 4 showed comparable catalytic activity and higher long chain hydrocarbon selectivity. (v) The iron catalyst prepared by deposition precipitation gave a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared by impregnation. In all cases the results can be associated with the Fe dispersion. For the iron catalyst supported on carbon spheres promoted with K (0.05–1%), the K was found to inhibit the reduction of the iron catalysts. The addition of K decreased the catalytic activity but increased the olefin selectivity, leading to a higher long chain hydrocarbon selectivity. Promotion with copper improved the reduction of the iron catalyst and suppressed the gasification of the carbon sphere support. The addition of Cu decreased the CH 4 selectivity and had no significant effect on the catalytic activity. All data point for Fe/CS catalysts showed conventional behavior but with a reduced metal-support interaction compared to oxide supports.</description><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon spheres</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Catalytic activity</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fischer–Tropsch synthesis</subject><subject>Functionalization</subject><subject>General and physical chemistry</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Iron catalysts</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Selectivity</subject><subject>Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. 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The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) performances for these supported model catalysts have been investigated as a function of preparation method, iron precursor, different methods of functionalization and the addition of promoters (Mn, K, Cu). Our results reveal that: (i) the functionalized CSs, that were treated in nitric acid at a higher reaction temperature showed a higher degree of functionalization. (ii) The iron catalysts synthesized from the CSs functionalized at the 90 °C temperatures showed higher catalytic activity. (iii) The iron catalyst prepared from iron acetate showed a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared from iron nitrate. (iv) An iron catalyst supported on carbon spheres functionalized using nitric acid or KMnO 4 showed comparable catalytic activity and higher long chain hydrocarbon selectivity. (v) The iron catalyst prepared by deposition precipitation gave a higher metal time yield than the catalyst prepared by impregnation. 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subjects Carbon
Carbon spheres
Catalysis
Catalysts
Catalytic activity
Chemistry
Copper
Exact sciences and technology
Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
Functionalization
General and physical chemistry
Iron
Iron catalysts
Mathematical models
Selectivity
Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry
title Fischer–Tropsch synthesis over model iron catalysts supported on carbon spheres: The effect of iron precursor, support pretreatment, catalyst preparation method and promoters
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