Relationship of moderate metabolic risk factor clustering to cardiovascular disease mortality in non-lean Japanese: A 15-year follow-up of NIPPON DATA90

• Published in: Atherosclerosis 2011-03, Vol.215 (1), p.209-213
• Main Authors: Kadota, Aya, Miura, Katsuyuki, Okamura, Tomonori, Hozawa, Atsushi, Murakami, Yoshitaka, Fujiyoshi, Akira, Takashima, Naoyuki, Hayakawa, Takehito, Kita, Yoshikuni, Okayama, Akira, Nakamura, Yasuyuki, Ueshima, Hirotsugu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research); Biological and medical sciences; blood; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Body Mass Index; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality; confidence interval; Coronary heart disease; drug therapy; Epidemiology; Female; Heart; high density lipoprotein; Humans; Hypertension - complications; Japan - epidemiology; Male; Medical sciences; men; Metabolic risk factor; metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - complications; Metabolic Syndrome - mortality; Middle Aged; Mortality; Proportional Hazards Models; risk; Risk Factors; Thinness - complications; women
• ISSN: 0021-9150; 1879-1484
• DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.11.033

Abstract Objective The individual components of metabolic syndrome are defined as levels ranging from moderate to high level as to require medication. We investigated the impact of moderate metabolic risk factor clustering on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods We followed up 6758 non-lean Japanese in randomly selected areas from all over the country who had no history of CVD for 15 years. The multivariate-adjusted hazards ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for CVD mortality according to the number of moderate metabolic risk factors (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 , 130/85 mmHg ≤ systolic/diastolic BP < 140/90 mmHg, 140 mg/dl ≤ casual blood glucose < 200 mg/dl, triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dl and/or HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dl [men], 50 mg/dl [women]) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model. The population-attributable risk fraction of moderate metabolic risk factor clustering was also estimated. Results During the follow-up, 282 participants died of CVD. CVD mortality tended to increase with the number of moderate metabolic risk factors. However, they were not statistically significant. The multivariate-adjusted HRs were 1.82 (95%CI: 0.89–3.73) for having any moderate metabolic risk factors and 2.87 (95%CI: 1.46–5.64) for having any medication-required metabolic risk factors, compared with participants without any moderate metabolic risk factors. The population-attributable risk fractions were 7.3% and 52.4% for any moderate and medication-required metabolic risk factors, respectively. Conclusions We did not find the statistically significant increase of CVD mortality for moderate metabolic risk factor clustering. Its attribution was relatively small in this Japanese population. More efforts would be required to detect and control medication-required risk factors.