Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Anticarcinogenic Potential of Mentha Leaf Extracts

We examined the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity and anticarcinogenic potential of Mentha leaf extracts (petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts) on 6 human cancer (HeLa, MCF-7, Jurkat, T24, HT-29, MIAPaCa-2) and normal (IMR-90, HEK-...

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Published in:International Journal of Toxicology 2011-03, Vol.30 (2), p.225-236
Main Authors: Jain, Deepika, Pathak, Neelam, Khan, Saba, Raghuram, Gorantla Venkata, Bhargava, Arpit, Samarth, Ravindra, Mishra, Pradyumna Kumar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anticarcinogenic Agents - pharmacology
Apoptosis
bcl-2-Associated X Protein - genetics
bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism
Blotting, Western
Caspase 3 - metabolism
Cell Cycle
Cell Line, Tumor
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 - metabolism
Cytotoxins - pharmacology
DNA Fragmentation - drug effects
Gene Expression Regulation
Glutathione Reductase - metabolism
Humans
Mentha - chemistry
Mitochondrial Membranes - drug effects
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - metabolism
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Summary:We examined the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity and anticarcinogenic potential of Mentha leaf extracts (petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts) on 6 human cancer (HeLa, MCF-7, Jurkat, T24, HT-29, MIAPaCa-2) and normal (IMR-90, HEK-293) cell lines. Of all the extracts tested, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of M piperita showed significant dose- and time-dependent anticarcinogenic activity leading to G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, perturbation of oxidative balance, upregulation of Bax gene, elevated expression of p53 and p21 in the treated cells, acquisition of senescence phenotype, while inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines response. Our results provide the first evidence of direct anticarcinogenic activity of Mentha leaf extracts. Further, bioassay-directed isolation of the active constituents might provide basis for mechanistic and translational studies for designing novel anticancer drugs to be used alone or as adjuvant for prevention of tumor progression and/or treatment of human malignancies.
ISSN:1091-5818
1092-874X
DOI:10.1177/1091581810390527