Transmission of white spot syndrome virus in improved-extensive and semi-intensive shrimp production systems: A molecular epidemiology study

Experimental evidence suggests that white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) can be transmitted horizontally through water, via carrier organisms and/or by cannibalism of infected shrimp, but also vertically through infected broodstock. However the mode(s) of WSSV transmission in shrimp farming systems and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture 2011-03, Vol.313 (1), p.7-14
Main Authors: Hoa, Tran Thi Tuyet, Zwart, Mark P., Phuong, Nguyen Thanh, Vlak, Just M., de Jong, Mart C.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal aquaculture
Animal productions
Aquaculture
Biological and medical sciences
cannibalism
Crustacea
disease transmission
extensive farming
Farming systems
farms
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Genotype & phenotype
Invertebrates
loci
Marine
Mathematical models
minisatellite repeats
molecular epidemiology
Molecular markers
Molecules
PCR-genotyping
Ponds
production technology
recycling
Shellfish
shrimp
shrimp culture
Studies
Transmission
Viruses
water
White spot syndrome virus
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Summary:Experimental evidence suggests that white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) can be transmitted horizontally through water, via carrier organisms and/or by cannibalism of infected shrimp, but also vertically through infected broodstock. However the mode(s) of WSSV transmission in shrimp farming systems and the epidemiological consequences are not well understood. In this study, molecular markers have been used to analyse the spread of WSSV within and between farms in Viet Nam for two different farming systems: improved-extensive and semi-intensive. Samples were periodically obtained from twenty improved-extensive shrimp ponds and twenty-three semi-intensive shrimp ponds applying different sampling schemes. PCR-genotyping was employed using three WSSV molecular marker loci: the variable tandem repeat regions (VNTR) in ORF75, ORF94 and ORF125 (GenBank AF369029). An analysis on the combined results of all three VNTR marker loci made it possible to follow transmission pathways of WSSV in the respective shrimp farming systems. The transmission of WSSV infection on improved extensive shrimp farms appeared mainly due to the recycling of WSSV over time in the same pond, whereas in semi-intensive shrimp farms transmission of WSSV was mainly from neighbouring ponds. These findings provide important information for field applications by suggesting pathway-specific control strategies.
ISSN:0044-8486
1873-5622
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.01.013