Hyperocclusion Stimulates Osteoclastogenesis via CCL2 Expression

• Published in: Journal of dental research 2011-06, Vol.90 (6), p.793-798
• Main Authors: Goto, K.T., Kajiya, H., Nemoto, T., Tsutsumi, T., Tsuzuki, T., Sato, H., Okabe, K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alveolar bone; Alveolar Bone Loss - metabolism; Analysis of Variance; Animal models; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Bite Force; CC chemokine receptors; CCL3 protein; CCR2 protein; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CCL2 - biosynthesis; Chemokines; Chemotaxis; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; CXC chemokines; CXCL12 protein; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic - metabolism; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentistry; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Humans; Ligands; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Miscellaneous; Monocyte chemoattractant protein; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Monocytes; Non tumoral diseases; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Osteoclastogenesis; Osteoclasts; Osteoclasts - cytology; Osteoclasts - metabolism; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Periodontal ligament; Periodontal Ligament - cytology; Periodontal Ligament - metabolism; Periodontal Ligament - physiopathology; RANK Ligand - metabolism; RANTES; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, CCR2 - biosynthesis; SDF-1 protein; Stress, Mechanical; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents
• ISSN: 0022-0345; 1544-0591
• DOI: 10.1177/0022034511400742

Excessive mechanical stress (MS) during hyperocclusion is known to result in disappearance of the alveolar hard line, enlargement of the periodontal ligament (PDL) space, and destruction of alveolar bone, leading to occlusal traumatism. We hypothesized that MS induces expression of osteoclastogenesis-associated chemokines in PDL tissue, resulting in chemotaxis and osteoclastogenesis during occlusal traumatism. We examined the effect of MS on relationships between chemokine expression and osteoclastogenesis using in vivo and in vitro hyperocclusion models. In an in vitro model, intermittent stretching-induced MS was shown to up-regulate the expression of CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, CCL3, and CCL5 in PDL cells. The expression levels of CCL2 in PDL tissues, its receptor CCR2 in pre-osteoclasts, and tartrate-resistant acid-phosphatase-positive cells in alveolar bone were significantly up-regulated 4-7 days after excessive MS during hyperocclusion in in vivo rodent models. Hyperocclusion predominantly induced CCL2 expression in PDL tissues and promoted chemotaxis and osteoclastogenesis, leading to MS-dependent alveolar bone destruction during occlusal traumatism. Abbreviations: MS, mechanical stress; PDL, periodontal ligament; CCL2, CC chemokine ligand 2; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; CCR2, CC chemokine receptor 2; CCL3, CC chemokine ligand 3 (MIP-1α); CCL5, CC chemokine ligand 5 (RANTES); CXCL12, CXC chemokine ligand 12 (SDF-1).