Benzylideneacetone, an eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitor enhances baculovirus pathogenicity in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

• Published in: Journal of invertebrate pathology 2011-02, Vol.106 (2), p.308-313
• Main Authors: Kim, Jiwan, Kim, Yonggyun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AcNPV; Animals; Arachidonic acid; Autographa californica; Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus; Benzylideneacetone; Biological and medical sciences; Biological control; biosynthesis; Butanones - metabolism; Butanones - pharmacology; Control; DNA; DNA fragmentation; dose response; Eicosanoid; eicosanoids; Eicosanoids - antagonists & inhibitors; entomopathogenic bacteria; epithelium; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects; Gastrointestinal Tract - virology; immune response; insects; Lepidoptera - drug effects; Lepidoptera - immunology; Lepidoptera - virology; midgut; Nucleopolyhedrovirus - pathogenicity; Pathogenicity; Pesticides - pharmacology; phospholipase A2; Phospholipases A - antagonists & inhibitors; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Plutella xylostella; Protozoa. Invertebrates; viruses; Xenorhabdus - metabolism; Xenorhabdus nematophila
• ISSN: 0022-2011; 1096-0805
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2010.11.006

[Display omitted] ► Benzylideneacetone (BZA) inhibits phospholipase A 2 to suppress biosynthesis of eicosanoids that mediate the immune response in insects. ► In response to AcMNPV, the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, developed red spots on the midgut epithelium. ► Viral infection was suppressed as the red spots on the epithelium developed. ► BZA inhibited the formation of the midgut red spots in a dose-dependent manner. ► BZA treatment resulted in significant enhancement of AcMNPV occlusion body pathogenicity to P. xylostella. Benzylideneacetone (BZA) is a monoterpenoid compound produced by an entomopathogenic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila. BZA inhibits phospholipase A 2 to suppress biosynthesis of eicosanoids that mediate immune responses in insects. In response to per os infection of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV), the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, developed red spots on the midgut epithelium. The midgut exhibiting red spot formation suffered abnormal cell integrity, such as genomic DNA fragmentation and condensed spots in the nucleoplasm. The number of red spots increased with viral dose and incubation time after the viral treatment. BZA inhibited the formation of the midgut red spots in a dose-dependent manner. However, the inhibitory effect of BZA on the red spot formation was reversed by addition of arachidonic acid, suggesting that the red spot response may be mediated by eicosanoids. BZA treatment resulted in significant enhancement of AcMNPV occlusion body (OB) pathogenicity to P. xylostella.