Omsk haemorrhagic fever

Summary Omsk haemorrhagic fever is an acute viral disease prevalent in some regions of western Siberia in Russia. The symptoms of this disease include fever, headache, nausea, severe muscle pain, cough, and moderately severe haemorrhagic manifestations. A third of patients develop pneumonia, nephros...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet (British edition) 2010-12, Vol.376 (9758), p.2104-2113
Main Authors: Růžek, Daniel, Dr, Yakimenko, Valeriy V, DSc, Karan, Lyudmila S, PhD, Tkachev, Sergey E, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - isolation & purification
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Aquatic mammals
Arvicolinae
Biological properties
Cough
Dermacentor
Dermacentor reticulatus
Disease Outbreaks - statistics & numerical data
Disease Vectors
Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne - immunology
Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne - isolation & purification
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Epidemiology
Fever
Headache
Hemorrhagic fever
Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk - complications
Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk - diagnosis
Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk - epidemiology
Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk - therapy
Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk - transmission
Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk - virology
Humans
Insect Vectors
Internal Medicine
Introduced species
Ixodidae
Laboratory animals
Meningitis
Mice
Muscles
Nausea
Niches
Ondatra zibethicus
Pain
Phylogeny
Pneumonia
Proteins
RNA polymerase
Seasons
Siberia - epidemiology
Studies
Tick-borne encephalitis
Tuberculosis
Vaccines
Viral diseases
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Description
Summary:Summary Omsk haemorrhagic fever is an acute viral disease prevalent in some regions of western Siberia in Russia. The symptoms of this disease include fever, headache, nausea, severe muscle pain, cough, and moderately severe haemorrhagic manifestations. A third of patients develop pneumonia, nephrosis, meningitis, or a combination of these complications. The only treatments available are for control of symptoms. No specific vaccine has been developed, although the vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis might provide a degree of protection against Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus. The virus is transmitted mainly by Dermacentor reticulatus ticks, but people are mainly infected after contact with infected muskrats ( Ondatra zibethicus ). Muskrats are very sensitive to Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus. The introduction of this species to Siberia in the 1930s probably led to viral emergence in this area, which had previously seemed free from the disease. Omsk haemorrhagic fever is, therefore, an example of a human disease that emerged owing to human-mediated disturbance of an ecological niche. We review the biological properties of the virus, and the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Omsk haemorrhagic fever.
ISSN:0140-6736
1474-547X
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61120-8