Progress Toward Control of Rubella and Prevention of Congenital Rubella Syndrome—Worldwide, 2009

Rubella, usually a mild rash illness in children and adults, can cause serious consequences when a pregnant woman is infected, particularly in early pregnancy. These serious consequences include miscarriage, fetal death or an infant born with birth defects (i.e., congenital rubella syndrome (CRS))....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2011-07, Vol.204 (suppl_1), p.S24-S27
Main Authors: Reef, S. E., Strebel, P., Dabbagh, A., Gacic-Dobo, M., Cochi, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Childhood
Congenital rubella syndrome
Female
Global Health
Humans
Immunization schedules
Infections
Measles
Population Surveillance
Pregnancy
PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE OF MEASLES AND RUBELLA
Public Policy
Rubella
Rubella - prevention & control
Rubella Syndrome, Congenital - prevention & control
Rubella Vaccine - administration & dosage
Rubella Vaccine - economics
Rubella vaccines
Rubella virus
Surveillance
Vaccination
World Health Organization
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Summary:Rubella, usually a mild rash illness in children and adults, can cause serious consequences when a pregnant woman is infected, particularly in early pregnancy. These serious consequences include miscarriage, fetal death or an infant born with birth defects (i.e., congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)). The primary purpose for rubella vaccination is the prevention of congenital rubella infection including CRS. Since 1969, several rubella virus vaccines have been licensed for use; however, until the 1990s, use of rubella-containing vaccine (RCV) was limited primarily to developed countries. In 1996, it was estimated that 110,000 infants with CRS were born annually in developing countries. In 2000, the first World Health Organization rubella vaccine position paper was published to guide introduction of RCV in national childhood immunization schedules. From 1996 to 2009, the number of countries that introduced RCV into their national routine childhood immunization programs increased by 57% from 83 countries in 1996 to 130 countries in 2009. In addition, three of the six WHO regions established rubella control and CRS prevention goals: Region of the Americas and Europe rubella elimination by 2010 and 2015, respectively, and Western Pacific Region-accelerated rubella control and CRS prevention by 2015. Also, during this time period, the number of rubella cases reported decreased from 670,894 in 2000 to 121,344 in 2009. Rubella control and prevention of CRS can be accelerated by integrating with current global measles mortality reduction and regional elimination activities.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jir155