Impact of overweight and glucose tolerance on postprandial responses to high- and low-glycaemic index meals

The beneficial effects of a low-glycaemic index (GI) meal on postprandial glucose and insulin levels have been demonstrated. However, limited data are available on the impact of overweight and glucose tolerance on postprandial responses to different GI meals. Our aim was to study the effects of phys...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of nutrition 2011-06, Vol.105 (11), p.1627-1634
Main Authors: Perälä, Mia-Maria, Hätönen, Katja A., Virtamo, Jarmo, Eriksson, Johan G., Sinkko, Harri K., Sundvall, Jouko, Valsta, Liisa M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
blood glucose
Blood Glucose - metabolism
fasting
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
free fatty acids
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
glucose
Glucose Intolerance
glucose tolerance
glycemic effect
Glycemic Index
Humans
insulin
Male
Metabolism and Metabolic Studies
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
overweight
Overweight - metabolism
Postprandial Period - physiology
test meals
Triglycerides - blood
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:The beneficial effects of a low-glycaemic index (GI) meal on postprandial glucose and insulin levels have been demonstrated. However, limited data are available on the impact of overweight and glucose tolerance on postprandial responses to different GI meals. Our aim was to study the effects of physiological characteristics on postprandial glucose, insulin and lipid responses and the relative glycaemic response (RGR) of a low-GI (LGI) and a high-GI (HGI) meal. We recruited twenty-four normal-weight and twenty-four overweight subjects, twelve with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and twelve with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in each group. Both test meals were consumed once and the glucose reference twice. Blood glucose and insulin were measured in the fasting state and over a 2 h period after each study meal, and TAG and NEFA were measured in the fasting state and over a 5 h period. The glucose responses of subjects with IGT differed significantly from those of subjects with NGT. The highest insulin responses to both meals were observed in overweight subjects with IGT. Physiological characteristics did not influence TAG or NEFA responses or the RGR of the meals. The LGI meal resulted in lower glucose (P 
ISSN:0007-1145
1475-2662
DOI:10.1017/S0007114510005477