Current Perspectives on Motor Functioning in Infants, Children, and Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are the most common pediatric diagnoses in the United States. In this perspective article, we propose that a diverse set of motor impairments are present in children and adults with ASDs. Specifically, we will discuss evidence related to gross motor, fine motor, post...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical therapy 2011-07, Vol.91 (7), p.1116-1129
Main Authors: Bhat, Anjana N, Landa, Rebecca J, Galloway, James Cole
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Autism
Care and treatment
Child
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - complications
Children & youth
Demographic aspects
Developmental Disabilities - complications
Gait
Humans
Motor ability
Motor skills
Motor Skills Disorders - complications
Motor Skills Disorders - diagnosis
Motor Skills Disorders - therapy
Physical therapists
Physiological aspects
Postural Balance
Preschool children
Psychomotor Disorders - complications
Psychomotor Disorders - diagnosis
Psychomotor Disorders - therapy
R&D
Research & development
Sensation Disorders - complications
Social Behavior
Young Adult
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Summary:Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are the most common pediatric diagnoses in the United States. In this perspective article, we propose that a diverse set of motor impairments are present in children and adults with ASDs. Specifically, we will discuss evidence related to gross motor, fine motor, postural control, and imitation/praxis impairments. Moreover, we propose that early motor delays within the first 2 years of life may contribute to the social impairments of children with ASDs; therefore, it is important to address motor impairments through timely assessments and effective interventions. Lastly, we acknowledge the limitations of the evidence currently available and suggest clinical implications for motor assessment and interventions in children with ASDs. In terms of assessment, we believe that comprehensive motor evaluations are warranted for children with ASDs and infants at risk for ASDs. In terms of interventions, there is an urgent need to develop novel embodied interventions grounded in movement and motor learning principles for children with autism.
ISSN:0031-9023
1538-6724
DOI:10.2522/ptj.20100294