Exposing Digital Forgeries in Complex Lighting Environments

The availability of sophisticated digital imaging technology has given rise to digital forgeries that are increasing in sophistication and frequency. We describe a technique for exposing such fakes by detecting inconsistencies in lighting. We show how to approximate complex lighting environments wit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on information forensics and security 2007-09, Vol.2 (3), p.450-461
Main Authors: Johnson, M.K., Farid, H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Approximation
Availability
Colored noise
Digital
Digital forensics
Digital images
digital tampering
Exposure
Forgery
Frequency
Illumination
Light sources
Lighting
Mathematical models
Optical distortion
Optical filters
Optical noise
Sensor arrays
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Description
Summary:The availability of sophisticated digital imaging technology has given rise to digital forgeries that are increasing in sophistication and frequency. We describe a technique for exposing such fakes by detecting inconsistencies in lighting. We show how to approximate complex lighting environments with a low-dimensional model and, further, how to estimate the model's parameters from a single image. Inconsistencies in the lighting model are th.en used as evidence of tampering.
ISSN:1556-6013
1556-6021
DOI:10.1109/TIFS.2007.903848