The use of tannin to prepare carbon gels. Part I: Carbon aerogels

Tannin–formaldehyde carbon aerogels were prepared based on organic gels obtained by sol–gel polymerisation of tannin with formaldehyde that have been dried with supercritical acetone and pyrolysed at 900 °C. Tannins drastically reduce the cost of the gels, typically by a factor five, and polymerise...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbon (New York) 2011-07, Vol.49 (8), p.2773-2784
Main Authors: Szczurek, A., Amaral-Labat, G., Fierro, V., Pizzi, A., Masson, E., Celzard, A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerogels
Carbon
Chemistry
Colloidal gels. Colloidal sols
Colloidal state and disperse state
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Exact sciences and technology
Fullerenes and related materials
diamonds, graphite
Gels
General and physical chemistry
Materials science
Physics
Polymerization
Porosity
Porous materials
Specific materials
Surface layer
Tannins
Texture
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Summary:Tannin–formaldehyde carbon aerogels were prepared based on organic gels obtained by sol–gel polymerisation of tannin with formaldehyde that have been dried with supercritical acetone and pyrolysed at 900 °C. Tannins drastically reduce the cost of the gels, typically by a factor five, and polymerise in a wide range of pHs, leading to porous carbonaceous materials whose mesopore fraction ranges from 57% to 78%. The surface area and the total porosity can be as high as 715 m 2 g −1 and 95%, respectively. Pore volumes and micro-mesopore-size distributions are similar to those of much more expensive carbon aerogels derived from resorcinol–formaldehyde resin. However, more easily adjustable pore textures may be obtained using tannins as precursors.
ISSN:0008-6223
1873-3891
DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.03.007