Epilepsy and Autism: Neurodevelopmental Perspective

Epilepsy and autism coexist in up to 20% of children with either disorder. Current studies suggest that a frequent co-occurring condition in epilepsy and autism is intellectual disability, which shows a very high prevalence in those with both autism and epilepsy. In addition, these recent studies su...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current neurology and neuroscience reports 2011-08, Vol.11 (4), p.428-434
Main Authors: Tuchman, Roberto, Cuccaro, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autism
Autistic Disorder - epidemiology
Autistic Disorder - pathology
Autistic Disorder - physiopathology
Comorbidity
Epilepsy
Epilepsy - epidemiology
Epilepsy - pathology
Epilepsy - physiopathology
Humans
Intellectual Disability - epidemiology
Intellectual Disability - pathology
Intellectual Disability - physiopathology
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Neurology
Neurosciences
Phenotype
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Summary:Epilepsy and autism coexist in up to 20% of children with either disorder. Current studies suggest that a frequent co-occurring condition in epilepsy and autism is intellectual disability, which shows a very high prevalence in those with both autism and epilepsy. In addition, these recent studies suggest that early-onset seizures may index a group of infants at high risk for developing autism, usually with associated intellectual deficits. In this review we discuss recent advances in the conceptualization of shared anatomical and molecular mechanisms that may account for the coexistence of epilepsy, autism, and intellectual disability. A major contribution to our improved understanding of the relationship among these three phenotypes is the discovery of multiple genomic variants that cut across them as well as other neurobehavioral phenotypes. As these discoveries continue they are very likely to elucidate causal mechanisms for the various phenotypes and pinpoint biologic pathways that may be amenable to therapeutic interventions for this group of neurodevelopmental disorders.
ISSN:1528-4042
1534-6293
DOI:10.1007/s11910-011-0195-x