Effects of physical activity on cancer prevention

Results of most epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest an inverse relationship between regular exercise and the risk of certain malignancies, such as intestinal, colon, pancreatic, breast, lung, skin, mammary, endometrial, and prostate cancer. However, physical activity can have different in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2011-07, Vol.1229 (1), p.176-183
Main Authors: Na, Hye-Kyung, Oliynyk, Sergiy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerobics
Animals
cancer prevention
carcinogenesis
DNA Damage
Exercise
Humans
Motor Activity
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Oxidative Stress
physical activity
Physical fitness
reactive oxygen species
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Rodents
Signal Transduction
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Summary:Results of most epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest an inverse relationship between regular exercise and the risk of certain malignancies, such as intestinal, colon, pancreatic, breast, lung, skin, mammary, endometrial, and prostate cancer. However, physical activity can have different influence on carcinogenesis, depending on energy supply and the age of the subject as well as strength, frequency, and length of exercise. The biochemical and molecular basis of the interaction between aerobic physical activity and tumorigenic processes remains poorly understood. Physical activity may generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to a different extent. Mild oxidative stress caused by moderate physical activity can activate cellular stress response signaling and potentiate cellular antioxidant defense capacity. However, accumulation of relatively large amounts of ROS as a consequence of exhaustive exercise can either directly damage DNA, causing mutation, or promote tumorigenesis by activating proinflammatory signaling. This review highlights the effects of physical activity on various malignancies in the context of redox status modulated during exercise.
ISSN:0077-8923
1749-6632
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06105.x