Measurement of a Microwave Load Using One or Two Terminations of Known Reflection

A method is presented to determine the reflection coefficient of an unknown load by the use of a vector network analyzer (VNA), a known through connection, and only two (or even one) terminations of known high reflection, where load and terminations have to be connected to both VNA ports. This is po...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement 2011-06, Vol.60 (6), p.2126-2132
Main Author: Stumper, U
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Calibration
Connectors
Deviation
Equations
Instrumentation
Load modeling
Low-reflective load
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical model
Microwave measurements
Microwaves
Reflection
Reflection coefficient
reflection standards
S-parameters
Scattering parameters
sensitivity coefficients
Terminations
uncertainty of measurement
vector network analyzer (VNA)
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Summary:A method is presented to determine the reflection coefficient of an unknown load by the use of a vector network analyzer (VNA), a known through connection, and only two (or even one) terminations of known high reflection, where load and terminations have to be connected to both VNA ports. This is possible for sexless coaxial connectors as well as for waveguides and on-wafer measurements. The new method is not restricted to low-reflective loads. The influence of deviations from the true reflection values of the high-reflective terminations on reflection measurements of low-reflective loads has been investigated where simple expressions for sensitivity coefficients are given. Experiments have been successfully carried out in the 7mm-PC-7 coaxial line system for frequencies from 2 to 18 GHz with known shorts and opens and with low- and medium-reflecting loads.
ISSN:0018-9456
1557-9662
DOI:10.1109/TIM.2011.2113122