0.13-μm CMOS phase shifters for X-, Ku-, and K-band phased arrays

• Published in: IEEE journal of solid-state circuits 2007-11, Vol.42 (11), p.2535-2546
• Main Authors: KOH, Kwang-Jin, REBEIZ, Gabriel M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Active control; Applied sciences; Circuit properties; Circuits; CMOS; Design. Technologies. Operation analysis. Testing; Digital; Digital circuits; Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits; Electronic circuits; Electronics; Exact sciences and technology; Frequency filters; Insertion loss; Integrated circuits; Microwave circuits, microwave integrated circuits, microwave transmission lines, submillimeter wave circuits; Phase error; Phase shifters; Quadratures; Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices
• ISSN: 0018-9200; 1558-173X
• DOI: 10.1109/jssc.2007.907225

Two 4-bit active phase shifters integrated with all digital control circuitry in 0.13-mum RF CMOS technology are developed for X- and Ku-band (8-18 GHz) and K-band (18-26 GHz) phased arrays, respectively. The active digital phase shifters synthesize the required phase using a phase interpolation process by adding quadrature-phased input signals. The designs are based on a resonance-based quadrature all-pass filter for quadrature signaling with minimum loss and wide operation bandwidth. Both phase shifters can change phases with less than about 2 dB of RMS amplitude imbalance for all phase states through an associated DAC control. For the X- and Ku-band phase shifter, the RMS phase error is less than 10 super(o) over the entire 5-18 GHz range. The average insertion loss ranges from to at 5-20 GHz. The input for all 4-bit phase states is typically at -5.4 plusmn1.3 GHz in the X- and Ku-band phase shifter. The K-band phase shifter exhibits 6.5-13 of RMS phase error at 15-26 GHz. The average insertion loss is from 4.6 to at 15-26 GHz. The input of the K-band phase shifter is at 24 GHz. For both phase shifters, the core size excluding all the pads and the output 50 Omega matching circuits, inserted for measurement purpose only, is very small, 0.33times0.43 mm super(2) . The total current consumption is 5.8 mA in the X- and Ku-band phase shifter and 7.8 mA in the K-band phase shifter, from a 1.5 V supply voltage.