Comparison of neutrophil apoptosis, α-defensins and calprotectin in children with and without severe early childhood caries

The infectious nature of severe early-childhood caries (S-ECC) points to the possible participation of immunologic host responses including neutrophils and their antimicrobial products. The aim of this study was to determine the neutrophil apoptosis, α-defensins (HNP1-3) and calprotectin levels in t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Iranian journal of immunology 2011-03, Vol.8 (1), p.11-19
Main Authors: Toomarian, Lida, Sattari, Mandana, Hashemi, Nazanin, Tadayon, Nikoo, Akbarzadeh Baghban, Alireza
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alpha-Defensins - chemistry
alpha-Defensins - immunology
Apoptosis - immunology
Child, Preschool
Dental Caries - immunology
Female
Humans
Iran
Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex - chemistry
Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex - immunology
Male
Neutrophils - cytology
Neutrophils - immunology
Saliva - chemistry
Saliva - cytology
Saliva - immunology
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Summary:The infectious nature of severe early-childhood caries (S-ECC) points to the possible participation of immunologic host responses including neutrophils and their antimicrobial products. The aim of this study was to determine the neutrophil apoptosis, α-defensins (HNP1-3) and calprotectin levels in the saliva of preschool children and the association with S-ECC. Oral examinations were performed on 87 children aged 3-5 years and non stimulated whole saliva samples were collected. Thirty of these subjects were considered S-ECC children, 30 with moderate caries (MC) and 27 were caries free (CF). To detect apoptosis, cell staining was done with Annexin-V-Fluos and propidium iodide, and they were analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. The concentration of α-defensins and calprotectin were assessed using ELISA. There were no statistical differences between groups considering the HNP1-3 or calprotectin salivary levels (p=0.06 and p=0.23, respectively). The HNP1-3 and calprotectin levels were negatively correlated and the correlation was significant in MC group (p=0.03). Lower levels of apoptotic neutrophils were obtained from CF subjects as compared with S-ECC children (p=0.03). Our findings establish that apoptotic mechanisms could be implicated in the immunity responses associated with S-ECC. We cannot yet determine if the level of salivary α-defensins or calprotectin is predictive of S-ECC.
ISSN:1735-1383