Epidemiology of maternal-fetal group B streptococcal infections

• Published in: Médecine et maladies infectieuses 2011-03, Vol.41 (3), p.123-125
• Main Authors: Ben Hamida Nouaili, E, Abidi, K, Chaouachi, S, Marrakchi, Z
• Format: Article
• Language: fre
• Subjects: Adult; Bacteremia - epidemiology; Bacteremia - microbiology; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation - etiology; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture - epidemiology; Fever - epidemiology; Fever - etiology; Gestational Age; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases - epidemiology; Infant, Premature, Diseases - microbiology; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - microbiology; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Streptococcal Infections - epidemiology; Streptococcal Infections - microbiology; Streptococcal Infections - transmission; Streptococcus; Streptococcus agalactiae - drug effects; Streptococcus agalactiae - isolation & purification; Urinary Tract Infections - epidemiology; Urinary Tract Infections - microbiology; Urinary Tract Infections - transmission; Vaginosis, Bacterial - epidemiology; Vaginosis, Bacterial - microbiology; Vaginosis, Bacterial - transmission; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0399-077X; 1769-6690
• DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2010.09.004

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of maternal-fetal infection due to group B streptococcus. We identified all cases of maternal-fetal group B streptococcus infection between January 2003 and December 2007, from neonatal unit reports at the Charles Nicolle Hospital. Ninety cases were identified out of 17,922 live births, incidence 5 ‰ of which 2.3 ‰ of bacteremia. Twenty percent of all newborns were premature and 22.2% had a low birth weight. Peripartum maternal fever was recorded in 52.2% of cases and membrane rupture more than 12 hours before delivery occurred in 74.4%. Among the newborns, 45.6% were symptomatic at birth. Forty percent of group B streptococci were resistant to erythromycin and 3.3% with intermediate resistance to ampicillin. The global neonatal mortality after group B streptococcus infection was 3.3%. Maternal-fetal infection due to group B streptococcus is still frequent and continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality.