Nutrition and diabetes mellitus: an overview of the current evidence

Summary Overwhelming evidence exists supporting the benefit of lifestyle and nutritional interventions to prevent or delay type 2 and gestational diabetes and improve glycemic control and co-morbidities in patients of all sub-types of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, nutritional therapy is an indispens...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift 2011-06, Vol.161 (11-12), p.282-288
Main Authors: Dämon, Sabine, Schätzer, Manuel, Höfler, Jürgen, Tomasec, Goran, Hoppichler, Friedrich
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Combined Modality Therapy
Diabetes Complications - prevention & control
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - diet therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy
Diabetes, Gestational - blood
Diabetes, Gestational - diet therapy
Diet, Diabetic - methods
Evidence-Based Medicine
Exercise
Family Medicine
Female
General Practice
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Glycated Hemoglobin A - analysis
Glycemic Index
Humans
Infectious Diseases
Internal Medicine
Life Style
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nutrition Therapy - methods
Nutritional Requirements
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pregnancy
Themenschwerpunkt
Weight Loss
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Summary:Summary Overwhelming evidence exists supporting the benefit of lifestyle and nutritional interventions to prevent or delay type 2 and gestational diabetes and improve glycemic control and co-morbidities in patients of all sub-types of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, nutritional therapy is an indispensable and fundamental treatment component, which has to be based on evidence-based recommendations, adapted for dietary intake and medication, and periodically adapted according to diagnosis and individual course of illness. This overview is based on the currently valid evidence-based nutritional recommendations of the European and American Diabetes Associations for the management of diabetes mellitus. It describes the quality and quantity of beneficial macronutrient (carbohydrates, fat, and protein) and micronutrient intake, alcohol consumption, and food groups. Moreover, the evidence for supplements and functional foods is summarized and the role of body weight and different weight loss diets are discussed.
ISSN:0043-5341
1563-258X
DOI:10.1007/s10354-011-0888-4