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APOE ε4 is associated with higher vitamin D levels in targeted replacement mice and humans

ABSTRACT The allele ε4 of apolipoprotein E (APOE), which is a key regulator of lipid metabolism, represents a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Despite its adverse effects, the allele is common and shows a nonrandom global distribution that is thought to be the re...

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Published in:The FASEB journal 2011-09, Vol.25 (9), p.3262-3270
Main Authors: Huebbe, Patricia, Nebel, Almut, Siegert, Sabine, Moehring, Jennifer, Boesch‐Saadatmandi, Christine, Most, Erika, Pallauf, Josef, Egert, Sarah, Müller, Manfred James, Schreiber, Stefan, Nöthlings, Ute, Rimbach, Gerald
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container_title The FASEB journal
container_volume 25
creator Huebbe, Patricia
Nebel, Almut
Siegert, Sabine
Moehring, Jennifer
Boesch‐Saadatmandi, Christine
Most, Erika
Pallauf, Josef
Egert, Sarah
Müller, Manfred James
Schreiber, Stefan
Nöthlings, Ute
Rimbach, Gerald
description ABSTRACT The allele ε4 of apolipoprotein E (APOE), which is a key regulator of lipid metabolism, represents a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Despite its adverse effects, the allele is common and shows a nonrandom global distribution that is thought to be the result of evolutionary adaptation. One hypothesis proposes that the APOE ε4 allele protects against vitamin D deficiency. Here we present, for the first time, experimental and epidemiological evidence that the APOE ε4 allele is indeed associated with higher serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. In APOE4 targeted replacement mice, significantly higher 25(OH)D levels were found compared with those in APOE2 and APOE3 mice (70.9 vs. 41.8 and 27.8 nM, P
doi_str_mv 10.1096/fj.11-180935
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Despite its adverse effects, the allele is common and shows a nonrandom global distribution that is thought to be the result of evolutionary adaptation. One hypothesis proposes that the APOE ε4 allele protects against vitamin D deficiency. Here we present, for the first time, experimental and epidemiological evidence that the APOE ε4 allele is indeed associated with higher serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. In APOE4 targeted replacement mice, significantly higher 25(OH)D levels were found compared with those in APOE2 and APOE3 mice (70.9 vs. 41.8 and 27.8 nM, P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, multivariate adjusted models show a positive association of the APOE ε4 allele with 25(OH)D levels in a small collective of human subjects (n=93; P=0.072) and a general population sample (n=699; P=0.003). The novel link suggests ε4 as a modulator of vitamin D status. Although this result agrees well with evolutionary aspects, it appears contradictory with regard to chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular disease. Large prospective cohort studies are now needed to investigate the potential implications of this finding for chronic disease risks.—Huebbe, P., Nebel, A., Siegert, S., Moehring, J., Boesch‐Saadatmandi, C., Most, E., Pallauf, J., Egert, S., Müller, M. J., Schreiber, S., Nöthlings, U., Rimbach, G. APOE ε4 is associated with higher vitamin D levels in targeted replacement mice and humans. 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ispartof The FASEB journal, 2011-09, Vol.25 (9), p.3262-3270
issn 0892-6638
1530-6860
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subjects Adult
Aged
Alleles
Animals
apolipoprotein E
Apolipoprotein E4 - genetics
Apolipoprotein E4 - metabolism
Calcium - metabolism
evolutionary advantage
Female
Genotype
global allele distribution
Homeostasis
Humans
Male
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Middle Aged
Vitamin D - blood
ε4 allele
title APOE ε4 is associated with higher vitamin D levels in targeted replacement mice and humans
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