Methods of nitric oxide detection in plants: A commentary

Over the last decade nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to influence a range of processes in plants. However, when, where and even if NO production occurs is controversial in several physiological scenarios in plants. This arises from a series of causes: (a) doubts have arisen over the specificity of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant science (Limerick) 2011-11, Vol.181 (5), p.509-519
Main Authors: Mur, Luis A.J, Mandon, Julien, Cristescu, Simona M, Harren, Frans J.M, Prats, Elena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Botany - methods
Chemiluminescence
Diaminofluorescein (DAF) dyes
dyes
Electrodes
Electron spin resonance
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
Ethylenediamines - chemistry
Fluorescent Dyes - analysis
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Griess reagent
In/Ex planta assays
Laser photoacoustic detection
Luminescent Measurements
mammals
Mass Spectrometry
nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide - analysis
Nitric Oxide - biosynthesis
Nitric Oxide - chemistry
Nitric oxide measurement
nitric oxide synthase
NO electrodes
Oxyhemoglobins - chemistry
Plants - metabolism
Quantum cascade laser
Spectrophotometry, Infrared
Sulfanilamides - chemistry
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Summary:Over the last decade nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to influence a range of processes in plants. However, when, where and even if NO production occurs is controversial in several physiological scenarios in plants. This arises from a series of causes: (a) doubts have arisen over the specificity of widely used 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2DA)/4-amino-5-methylamino-2,7-difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM) dyes for NO, (b) no plant nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been cloned, so that the validity of using mammalian NOS inhibitors to demonstrate that NO is being measured is debatable, (c) the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO) needs to be used with caution, and (d) some discrepancies between assays for in planta measurements and another based on sampling NO from the gas phase have been reported. This review will outline some commonly used methods to determine NO, attempt to reconcile differing results obtained by different laboratories and suggest appropriate approaches to unequivocally demonstrate the production of NO.
ISSN:0168-9452
1873-2259
DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.04.003