PM₂.₅ source profiles for black and organic carbon emission inventories

Emission inventories for black or elemental (BC or EC) and organic (OC) carbon can be derived by multiplying PM₂.₅ emission estimates by mass fractions of these species in representative source profiles. This study examines the variability of source profiles and its effect on EC emission estimates....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atmospheric environment (1994) 2011-10, Vol.45 (31), p.5407-5414
Main Authors: Chow, Judith C, Watson, John G, Lowenthal, Douglas H, Antony Chen, L.-W, Motallebi, Nehzat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
atmospheric chemistry
Atmospheric pollution
biomass
burning
Carbon
coal
Combustion
Diesel
Diesel fuels
Emission
emissions
Estimates
Exact sciences and technology
fires
gasoline
Inventories
natural gas
oils
Pollution
Stockpiling
uncertainty
wood
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Summary:Emission inventories for black or elemental (BC or EC) and organic (OC) carbon can be derived by multiplying PM₂.₅ emission estimates by mass fractions of these species in representative source profiles. This study examines the variability of source profiles and its effect on EC emission estimates. An examination of available profiles shows that EC and OC ranged from 6–13% and 35–40% for agricultural burning, 4–33% and 22–68% for residential wood combustion, 6–38% and 24–75% for on-road gasoline vehicles, and 33–74% and 20–47% for on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles, respectively. Source profiles from the U.S. EPA SPECIATE data base were applied to PM₂.₅ emissions from the U.S. EPA National Emissions Inventory for 2005. The total estimated EC emissions of 432Ggyr⁻¹ was apportioned as 42.5% from biomass burning, 35.4% from non-road mobile sources, 15% from on-road mobile sources, 5.4% from fossil fuel (e.g., coal, oil, and natural gas) combustion in stationary sources, 1% from other stationary industrial sources, and 0.5% from fugitive dust. Considering the variability in available source profiles, BC emission estimates for major sources such as open fires and non-road diesels ranged from 42 to 133 (a factor of 3) and 25 to 100 (a factor of 4) Gg yr⁻¹, respectively. The choice of source profiles can be a major source of uncertainty in national and global BC/EC emission inventories.
ISSN:1352-2310
1873-2844
DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.011