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Reinforcement of calcium phosphate cement with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin for injectable bone substitute applications

This paper presents the development of novel alternative injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) composites for orthopaedic applications. The new CPC composites comprise β -tri-calcium phosphate ( β -TCP) and di-calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) mixed with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and incorpora...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials 2011-04, Vol.4 (3), p.331-339
Main Authors: Chew, Kean-Khoon, Low, Kah-Ling, Sharif Zein, Sharif Hussein, McPhail, David S., Gerhardt, Lutz-Christian, Roether, Judith A., Boccaccini, Aldo R.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:This paper presents the development of novel alternative injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) composites for orthopaedic applications. The new CPC composites comprise β -tri-calcium phosphate ( β -TCP) and di-calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) mixed with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and incorporated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTs–OH and MWCNTs–COOH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), compressive strength tests, injectability tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to evaluate the properties of the final products. Compressive strength tests and SEM observations demonstrated particularly that the concomitant admixture of BSA and MWCNT improved the mechanical properties, resulting in stronger CPC composites. The presence of MWCNTs and BSA influenced the morphology of the hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals in the CPC matrix. BSA was found to act as a promoter of HA growth when bounded to the surface of CPC grains. MWCNT–OH-containing composites exhibited the highest compressive strengths (16.3 MPa), being in the range of values for trabecular bone (2–12 MPa). ► CPC composites comprise β -TCP and DCPA incorporated with BSA and MWCNTs. ► The concomitant admixture of BSA and MWCNTs improved the mechanical properties of CPC. ► The MWCNT–OH-containing composite studied exhibited the highest compressive strength.
ISSN:1751-6161
1878-0180
DOI:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2010.10.013