Accelerators for hadrontherapy: From Lawrence cyclotrons to linacs

Hadrontherapy with protons and carbon ions is a fast developing methodology in radiation oncology. The accelerators used and planned for this purpose are reviewed starting from the cyclotrons used in the thirties. As discussed in the first part of this paper, normal and superconducting cyclotrons ar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment, 2010, Vol.620 (2), p.563-577
Main Authors: Amaldi, U., Bonomi, R., Braccini, S., Crescenti, M., Degiovanni, A., Garlasché, M., Garonna, A., Magrin, G., Mellace, C., Pearce, P., Pittà, G., Puggioni, P., Rosso, E., Verdú Andrés, S., Wegner, R., Weiss, M., Zennaro, R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accelerators
Carbon
Carbon ion therapy
Cyclinac
Cyclotron
Cyclotrons
Dose delivery
Hadrontherapy
High frequencies
Linac
Medical accelerators
Organs
Particle therapy
Proton therapy
Radiation oncology
Superconductivity
Synchrotron
Synchrotrons
Therapy
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Summary:Hadrontherapy with protons and carbon ions is a fast developing methodology in radiation oncology. The accelerators used and planned for this purpose are reviewed starting from the cyclotrons used in the thirties. As discussed in the first part of this paper, normal and superconducting cyclotrons are still employed, together with synchrotrons, for proton therapy while for carbon ion therapy synchrotrons have been till now the only option. The latest developments concern a superconducting cyclotron for carbon ion therapy, fast-cycling high frequency linacs and ‘single room’ proton therapy facilities. These issues are discussed in the second part of the paper by underlining the present challenges, in particular the treatment of moving organs.
ISSN:0168-9002
1872-9576
DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.130